Fact check: What US dairy products are subject to Canada's 400% tariffs?

1. Summary of the results

Based on the analyses provided, none of the sources explicitly identify which specific US dairy products are subject to Canada's 400% tariffs. However, the sources reveal important structural information about Canada's dairy tariff system:

• Canada maintains tariffs on dairy products that can reach up to 285% according to one source ^[1], while others mention tariffs above 200% ^[2] or as high as 200% or more ^[3]
• These high tariffs apply only to imports that exceed Canada's tariff rate quotas ^[3] and kick in only after the US has hit a certain quantity of tariff-free dairy sales to Canada each year ^[2]
• The tariffs apply to dairy products exceeding quota limits set by the Canada-U.S.-Mexico Agreement (CUSMA), which includes 14 categories of dairy products ^[3]
• Importantly, these high tariffs are rarely triggered and almost never enforced ^[1]

2. Missing context/alternative viewpoints

The original question assumes the existence of 400% tariffs without providing crucial context about how Canada's dairy protection system actually works:

• Canada operates under a supply management system that protects its domestic dairy industry through quotas rather than blanket high tariffs ^{[1] [4]}
• The high tariffs serve as a protective mechanism that only applies to over-quota imports, not to all US dairy products entering Canada ^{[3] [2]}
• Canada's dairy protections are described as a "longstanding trade irritant for the US" ^[5], suggesting this is part of broader trade tensions rather than punitive measures
• The US dairy industry benefits from portraying these tariffs as barriers to market access, while Canada's dairy farmers benefit from the supply management system that these tariffs help protect ^[3]

3. Potential misinformation/bias in the original statement

The question contains a potentially misleading premise by asking specifically about "400% tariffs" when the sources indicate:

• The highest tariff rate mentioned is 285% ^[1], not 400%
• The question implies these tariffs apply broadly to US dairy products, when they actually only apply to over-quota imports and are "rarely triggered and almost never enforced" ^[1]
• By focusing solely on the tariff percentage, the question omits the quota system context that makes these tariffs largely theoretical rather than practical trade barriers
• The framing suggests punitive action against US dairy products, when these are actually protective measures for Canada's supply-managed dairy system ^[3]