What are the current income limits for premium tax credits under the ACA for 2025 coverage?

1. What “no maximum income limit through 2025” means in practice

Congress temporarily eliminated the 400%‑of‑Federal‑Poverty‑Level (FPL) ceiling so that people with incomes above 400% FPL could qualify for a premium tax credit in 2021–2025; policy summaries and marketplace guides state there is no upper income limit for PTC eligibility through the end of the 2025 coverage year ^{[1] [6] [4]}. Practically, that meant someone making, for example, roughly $60,000 in 2025 (around 400% FPL for a single person in many places) could still receive a subsidy if without it their benchmark plan would cost more than the statutory share of income ^{[2] [3]}.

2. How eligibility is actually calculated — the sliding scale and caps

Eligibility and credit size are not a simple income cutoff but a formula: the credit equals the difference between the benchmark (second‑lowest‑cost silver) premium and a required contribution that is a percentage of household income. The enhanced rules through 2025 reduced applicable percentages and eliminated some indexing, producing larger subsidies and effectively capping what enrollees pay for benchmark coverage at relatively low shares of income (for some groups as low as 8.5% of income) ^{[7] [2] [3]}.

3. Who loses if the “enhanced” rules expire after 2025

Multiple non‑partisan analyses and Congressional Research Service materials explain that the temporary ARPA/IRA enhancements expire after 2025, which would reinstate the 400% FPL upper limit and return applicable percentages to pre‑enhancement (less generous) levels — meaning many households above 400% FPL would no longer be eligible and others would face higher required premium shares ^{[4] [5] [8]}. Policy analysts estimated people with incomes just over 400% (roughly $62,600 for an individual and $128,600 for a family of four in 2025, per one briefing) would be especially affected if the enhancements lapse ^{[9] [2]}.

4. How big the affected population is and the practical stakes

Reporting and CBO/KFF‑style analyses show millions relied on the enhanced credits: enrollment and advance payment counts rose substantially, and analysts estimated hundreds of thousands to millions would be pushed off enhanced help if changes expire — with large potential increases in average premiums for those earning over 400% FPL ^{[9] [3] [8]}. The Peterson‑KFF tracker notes specific dollar examples (e.g., $103,280 for a family of three as a reference point in 2025) to illustrate how income thresholds translate into real households ^[3].

5. Where sources disagree or add nuance

All provided sources agree the enhanced rules apply through 2025 and that the 400%‑of‑FPL cap was effectively removed for that period ^{[1] [4] [6]}. Differences are mainly emphasis: some explain the formula mechanics and capped percentages more ^{[7] [2]}, while others stress the cliff that will reappear after 2025 and model likely impacts ^{[5] [3] [8]}. News outlets later in 2025 stress the upcoming “subsidy cliff” risk if Congress does not act ^{[10] [11]}, but those pieces post‑date many policy summaries and focus on the political debate.

6. What you should watch next and the limits of current reporting

Available sources make clear two things to monitor: ^[12] whether Congress or the administration extends or modifies the ARPA/IRA enhancements beyond 2025 — that would keep the no‑upper‑limit rule in place ^{[4] [5]}; and ^[13] insurer filings and state marketplace notices that translate policy changes into 2026 premiums and eligibility rules ^{[3] [11]}. Sources do not mention any specific new law extending those enhancements beyond 2025 in the materials provided here — so “no maximum income limit” is confirmed only through the end of the 2025 coverage year in the available reporting ^{[1] [4]}.

If you want, I can convert the income examples (400% FPL) into dollar amounts for specific household sizes in 2025 using the exact FPL figures cited in these briefings ^{[3] [2]}.