Fact check: Average male genital size

1. Summary of the results

The average male genital size has been a topic of discussion in various studies, with some reporting an increase in erect penis length over the past three decades ^[1]. According to a systematic review and meta-analysis, the average erect penis length is around 13.93 cm, with a 24% increase over 29 years ^[1]. Another study found that the mean length of stretched penis was largest in Americans, with a mean length of 14.47 cm ^[2]. However, a different study suggested that the average length of an erect penis is between 5.1 and 5.5 inches, which is approximately 12.95-13.97 cm ^[3]. A meta-analysis of 33 studies reported pooled average penile dimensions, including flaccid length, stretched length, erect length, flaccid circumference, and erect circumference ^[2]. The analysis also showed regional variation, with the Americas having the largest mean stretched length and flaccid length ^[2]. Another meta-analysis of 75 studies provided pooled mean penile lengths, including flaccid, stretched, and erect lengths, and highlighted a statistically significant increase in erect length over the period 1992-2021 ^[4]. The average erect penis length is around 13.93 cm, with a noted upward trend over time ^{[1] [4]}.

2. Missing context/alternative viewpoints

Some studies have reported that men seeking penile girth augmentation had lower self-esteem and body image-related quality of life compared to non-clinical norms ^[5]. Another study found a positive correlation between penis length and self-reported penis size, suggesting that many men may embellish their responses ^[6]. Additionally, a study found a positive correlation between penis size and male genital self-image scale scores, and between penis size and sexual function, as well as a negative correlation between male genital self-image scale scores and depression and anxiety ^[7]. The relationship between penis size and psychological factors is complex and multifaceted ^{[5] [6] [7]}. The original statement lacks context regarding the potential psychological and social implications of penis size, as well as the variations in measurement techniques and study quality that may affect the precision of the estimates ^{[2] [4]}. Regional variation and measurement techniques are crucial factors to consider when evaluating average male genital size ^[2].

3. Potential misinformation/bias in the original statement

The original statement may be misleading as it does not provide a clear definition of "average male genital size" or consider the variations in measurement techniques and study quality ^{[2] [4]}. The statement may also perpetuate unrealistic expectations and reinforce harmful social norms regarding penis size, which can have negative psychological effects on individuals ^{[5] [6] [7]}. The media and popular culture may benefit from the perpetuation of unrealistic expectations and harmful social norms regarding penis size ^{[5] [6] [7]}. Additionally, the statement may be influenced by biases in the studies themselves, such as volunteer bias or measurement bias, which can affect the accuracy of the estimates ^{[3] [4]}. Researchers and academics may benefit from the publication of studies on penis size, which can lead to further research and funding opportunities ^{[1] [2] [3]}.