What are the full ingredient lists for Moderna and Janssen COVID-19 vaccines and how do they differ from Pfizer's?
Executive summary
You asked for the full ingredient lists for Moderna and Janssen COVID‑19 vaccines and how they differ from Pfizer’s; available reporting in the provided sources discusses vaccine brands, approvals, and updated formulations but does not publish or reproduce full ingredient lists for Moderna, Janssen (Johnson & Johnson), or Pfizer in these items (available sources do not mention full ingredient lists). The search results do show that Moderna’s products include Spikevax and mNEXSPIKE and Pfizer’s branded product is Comirnaty, and they have had different age authorizations and regulatory actions in 2024–2025 — for example, Spikevax and mNEXSPIKE are named Moderna products and Comirnaty is Pfizer’s 2025–2026 formula [1] [2] [3].
1. What the provided sources actually cover — brands, approvals and reformulations
The documents in your query focus on which manufacturers’ vaccines were authorized or approved, on updated seasonal formulations, and on high‑level effectiveness and regulatory changes. FactCheck.org and other reporting list Moderna’s 2025‑26 portfolio as Spikevax and mNEXSPIKE, Pfizer/BioNTech’s product as Comirnaty, and Novavax’s as Nuvaxovid [1]. Pfizer announced FDA approval in 2025 for a Comirnaty formulation targeting the LP.8.1 sublineage and emphasized shipping and age-limited approvals [2]. Moderna publicly described immunogenicity data for mNEXSPIKE and Spikevax against contemporary variants [3] [4]. None of these sources publish full ingredient lists (available sources do not mention full ingredient lists).
2. What you can infer from these sources about differences between Pfizer and Moderna
The supplied reporting highlights product names, target variants and regulatory distinctions rather than precise formulations. For instance, Moderna’s Spikevax and mNEXSPIKE are distinct 2025‑26 Moderna products and are described separately from Pfizer’s Comirnaty; regulators have applied different age authorizations (e.g., Comirnaty approved for adults 65+ and 5–64 with risk factors; Spikevax approvals and age eligibility are discussed separately) [1] [2]. Moderna’s corporate communications cite immunogenicity increases for its updated shots, while Pfizer emphasizes approval and distribution of its LP.8.1‑adapted vaccine [3] [2]. Those differences reflect changing target strains and regulatory pathways, not ingredient lists (available sources do not mention ingredient-by-ingredient differences).
3. Janssen (Johnson & Johnson) — not covered in the provided results
The supplied set does not include coverage of Janssen’s (Johnson & Johnson) COVID‑19 vaccine, its ingredient list, or its regulatory status. If your question seeks the Janssen ingredient list or comparisons involving that vaccine, those details are not found in the current reporting (available sources do not mention Janssen ingredients or status).
4. Where full ingredient lists are normally published and why they matter
Full ingredient lists for licensed vaccines are typically published in official product information or FDA fact sheets and in manufacturers’ prescribing information; these documents list active ingredients (e.g., antigen or mRNA), lipid nanoparticle components for mRNA vaccines, and excipients such as salts, sugars and buffers. The sources you provided reference FDA fact sheets and approvals as the authoritative documents for product composition (Yale Medicine points readers to FDA Moderna and Pfizer fact sheets for more information) [5]. But the fact sheets themselves are not included in your supplied results (available sources do not include the fact‑sheet text).
5. Practical next steps and how to get the exact ingredient lists
To obtain the full, authoritative ingredient lists: consult the current FDA product fact sheets or prescribing information pages for Comirnaty (Pfizer/BioNTech), Spikevax/mNEXSPIKE (Moderna), and the Janssen/Johnson & Johnson product page on the FDA or the manufacturers’ official websites. The reporting here points readers to those sources as the place where composition is detailed [5] [6], but the exact ingredient texts are not present in the items you supplied (available sources do not mention the ingredient lists themselves).
6. Caveats, competing angles, and transparency about limits of these sources
Reporting in the supplied set focuses on efficacy, variant targeting, and regulatory decisions — not on ingredient tables. Several items note that formulations are updated annually to match circulating strains and that age‑eligibility and authorizations changed in 2024–2025 [1] [2]. Corporate and news pieces emphasize immunogenicity and approvals [3] [4]. Because the ingredient lists are missing from these sources, any precise claims about particular excipients or how lipid nanoparticles differ between Pfizer and Moderna cannot be supported here (not found in current reporting).
If you want, I can: (A) pull the exact ingredient lists from FDA fact sheets and manufacturer prescribing information if you provide them or permit me to run a fresh web search; or (B) summarize typical components that are commonly reported for mRNA vaccines (with the caveat that the current sources don’t list them). Which would you prefer?