What legal actions were filed in 2016 alleging Donald Trump raped a minor in Epstein’s circle, and how were they resolved?

Checked on January 13, 2026
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Executive summary

In 2016 two civil complaints surfaced accusing Donald Trump of raping a 13‑year‑old girl at parties hosted by Jeffrey Epstein: an initial anonymous California filing (under the name "Katie Johnson") that was dismissed, and a refiled New York complaint (as "Jane Doe") that was voluntarily dropped months later; neither produced a criminal prosecution and the allegations remain unproven in court [1] [2] [3]. Reporting at the time noted questions about the plaintiff’s anonymity, the involvement of a private investigator with a checkered reputation, and political timing raised by Trump and his allies [3] [2].

1. The California filing and its swift dismissal

In April 2016 an anonymous plaintiff using the pseudonym "Katie Johnson" filed a civil lawsuit in California accusing both Donald Trump and Jeffrey Epstein of repeatedly raping her when she was 13 in 1994; that complaint was dismissed the following month for procedural defects and other technical issues noted in contemporaneous coverage [1] [2]. Public summaries and aggregated news reports described the extraordinary allegations in the complaint but made clear the case did not proceed in California beyond the initial filing and dismissal [2].

2. Refiled in New York as “Jane Doe” and the complaint’s content

The plaintiff refiled a substantially similar complaint in New York federal court in June (and again as reported in late September/October filings), using the pseudonym "Jane Doe," alleging she was recruited to parties at Epstein’s Manhattan home, was tied to a bed and raped by Trump and Epstein, and that witnesses and other minors were present; the refiled complaint and court docket text set out graphic allegations and were covered by Courthouse News and court filings made public by news outlets [4] [5]. The New York filing restated the prior claims and sought civil relief; it prompted extensive media coverage because of the defendants’ profiles and the timing during the 2016 presidential campaign [4] [2].

3. Voluntary dismissal, unanswered questions, and competing explanations

In November 2016 the New York case was dropped when the plaintiff’s attorney filed a one‑page voluntary dismissal; reporters noted the plaintiff did not appear at a scheduled press conference and that the reasons for withdrawal were not publicly explained, leaving the lawsuit unresolved and its allegations untested in court [3] [2]. The Guardian and other outlets reported investigators tied to the lawsuits — including Norm Lubow, whose past conduct has drawn scrutiny — raising questions about provenance and motive; meanwhile the Trump campaign called the suits politically motivated "sham" litigation intended to influence the election [3] [2].

4. Wider context: no criminal case, parallel allegations, and limits of public record

These 2016 civil actions never produced criminal charges against Trump; later document releases and reporting surfaced other unverified or third‑party allegations in Epstein files, but prosecutors declined to charge Trump on these claims and news organizations flagged them as unverified or sensationalist in some internal memos [6]. Separately, other women later pursued civil suits against Trump for different alleged assaults — most notably E. Jean Carroll, whose claims led to a civil finding of sexual abuse in a separate 2019–2023 legal dispute — underscoring that the 2016 Epstein‑linked lawsuits are distinct in both allegations and legal outcomes [7] [8]. Public reporting and court records make clear the 2016 Jane Doe/Katie Johnson complaints were filed, refiled, and then withdrawn or dismissed; beyond the filed pleadings and contemporaneous coverage there is little publicly verified follow‑up explaining why they were not litigated to judgment [2] [3].

5. What the record supports and what it does not

The public record supports these clear facts: an April 2016 California civil complaint using a pseudonym was dismissed; a refiled federal complaint in New York alleging rape at Epstein‑hosted parties was filed and then voluntarily dismissed in November 2016 [1] [2] [3]. The record does not supply a judicial finding of guilt, a criminal indictment, or court‑tested corroboration of the specific events alleged in those 2016 complaints; reporting also documents contested provenance and political claims about motive, which are relevant when assessing the litigation’s public impact [3] [2].

Want to dive deeper?
What evidence and sources linked the 2016 Jane Doe/Katie Johnson lawsuits to investigator Norm Lubow, and how have his claims fared historically?
What did the Epstein files released to the public say about allegations involving Donald Trump, and how have journalists and prosecutors treated those documents?
How do the legal standards and outcomes differ between civil sexual‑assault lawsuits (like Jane Doe's 2016 filings) and the later E. Jean Carroll civil verdict?