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Fact check: What documents can ICE use to verify citizenship status?

Checked on September 11, 2025

1. Summary of the results

The question of what documents Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) can use to verify citizenship status is addressed by multiple analyses from various sources. According to [1], ICE can use documents such as Form N-550 (Certificate of Naturalization), Form N-570 (Replacement Certificate of Naturalization), Form N-560 (Certificate of Citizenship), and Form N-561 (Replacement Certificate of Citizenship) to verify citizenship status [1]. Additionally, [2] notes that while the document does not specifically mention ICE, it lists various documents that can be used to establish identity and employment authorization, including U.S. Passport, Permanent Resident Card, and Employment Authorization Document, which can be used by ICE to verify citizenship status [2]. Furthermore, [3] implies that ICE may use documents such as the Proof of Alien Registration, Form I-94, and Form I-551 to verify citizenship status [3]. Other sources, such as [4], suggest that the most common forms of proof of citizenship include Birth Certificate, U.S. Passport, Certificate of Citizenship, and Naturalization Certificate [4]. Key documents that ICE can use to verify citizenship status include U.S. Passport, Certificate of Naturalization, Certificate of Citizenship, and Birth Certificate.

2. Missing context/alternative viewpoints

Some analyses, such as [2] and [3], do not specifically mention ICE, but rather discuss documents that can be used to establish identity and employment authorization or imply that ICE may use certain documents to verify citizenship status [2] [3]. Additionally, [5] notes that ICE can use evidence of registration, which includes documents such as a valid, unexpired alien registration receipt card (Form I-551), or other documents designated as evidence of registration under 8 CFR 264.1(b) [5]. Alternative viewpoints suggest that U.S. citizens are not required to carry proof of citizenship at all times, but it might be a good idea to carry some form of identification that confirms U.S citizenship, such as a U.S. Passport, Birth Certificate, or other government-issued ID [6]. Missing context includes the fact that the specific documents that ICE can use to verify citizenship status may vary depending on the individual's circumstances and the context in which the verification is taking place.

3. Potential misinformation/bias in the original statement

The original statement does not provide any specific information about the documents that ICE can use to verify citizenship status, which may lead to misinformation or confusion. Some sources, such as [1] and [4], provide more detailed information about the documents that can be used to verify citizenship status, while others, such as [2] and [3], provide more general information about documents that can be used to establish identity and employment authorization [1] [2] [3] [4]. Bias may be present in the original statement, as it does not provide a clear or comprehensive answer to the question, which may benefit individuals or groups who seek to obscure or confuse the issue of citizenship verification. On the other hand, sources such as [4] and [6] may benefit individuals who are seeking to understand their rights and obligations with regard to carrying proof of citizenship [4] [6].

Want to dive deeper?
What forms of identification are accepted by ICE for citizenship verification?
Can ICE use birth certificates to verify citizenship status?
How does ICE verify citizenship status for individuals without documentation?
What is the difference between a certificate of citizenship and a certificate of naturalization for ICE purposes?
Can ICE request additional documentation to verify citizenship status during an encounter?