Which Trump-era pardons are confirmed to have autopen signatures?

Checked on December 2, 2025
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Executive summary

Available reporting shows no definitive public confirmation that any Trump-era pardons were executed using an autopen; instead, a cluster of recent pardons posted by the Justice Department briefly displayed identical-looking signatures online and were quickly replaced, which DOJ called a “technical error” [1] [2]. Legal experts cited in multiple outlets say use of an autopen would not by itself invalidate pardons because the Constitution does not require a handwritten signature for clemency [3] [4].

1. The apparent problem: identical signatures on posted pardons

In mid-November reporters and forensic experts flagged a batch of pardons posted on the Justice Department website that bore strikingly similar, effectively identical, copies of President Trump’s signature; within hours the administration replaced those files with versions showing varied signatures and called the episode a “technical error” [1] [5]. Coverage named specific recipients whose archived pardons showed the near-identical signature images, and two forensic document experts confirmed to AP that the initially posted signatures matched too closely across documents to look natural [6] [1].

2. What officials said: “technical error” and hand-signing claims

White House and Justice Department statements insisted the president had signed the pardons by hand and that the identical images online resulted from a posting glitch rather than autopen use; the White House spokesperson reiterated that Trump “signed each one of these pardons by hand as he does with all pardons” [7] [1]. The administration replaced the online files quickly after the similarities were noticed, and some aides framed media focus on the glitch as a “non-story” while pointing to scrutiny of Biden’s autopen use [1] [7].

3. Forensic and media scrutiny versus rapid correction

Multiple outlets — AP, NBC, Fortune, The Guardian and others — documented both the forensic observation of uncanny signature uniformity and the rapid replacement of the posted documents, which removed the most visible evidence that prompted speculation [1] [5] [6] [7]. Because the online copies were changed so quickly, publicly available images that showed identical signatures were limited to the initial archived files and reporting screenshots cited by news organizations [6] [1].

4. Legal context: autopen use doesn’t necessarily invalidate pardons

Legal scholars and prior DOJ and court interpretations repeatedly cited in the coverage establish that a mechanical signature would not automatically nullify a pardon: the Constitution grants the president the pardon power and does not require a handwritten signature, and past legal memoranda have treated autopen affixation as legally valid for executive actions [3] [4]. Fact-checkers and outlets note that even if an autopen were used, experts say pardons would generally remain effective [3] [8].

5. Competing narratives and political incentives

The episode sits inside a larger political fight: the Trump White House has aggressively accused President Biden of overusing autopen signatures and sought to delegitimize Biden-era pardons, while Democrats and some forensic experts seized on the Trump-posting glitch as evidence of sloppy recordkeeping or worse [9] [2]. Each side has an incentive: Republicans to portray the opposing administration’s actions as illegitimate, and Democrats to minimize the significance of identical posted signatures and push back on politicized claims [2] [9].

6. What the available sources do — and do not — prove

Available reporting proves only that identical-looking signatures briefly appeared on Justice Department-hosted copies of certain Trump pardons and that those files were replaced and labeled a technical error; sources do not confirm that any specific Trump pardon was in fact signed by an autopen on the president’s desk or that a staffer signed in his name without authorization [1] [2]. There is no sourced, public evidence in the cited reporting that directly ties an autopen device to the physical act of authorizing any particular Trump pardon [6] [1].

7. Bottom line for readers

If your question is “Which Trump-era pardons are confirmed to have autopen signatures?” the answer in current reporting is: none are confirmed as autopen-signed; the only documented anomaly is identical signature images on a set of posted pardons that the DOJ said resulted from a technical error and which the agency replaced [1] [2]. Legal analysts in the coverage also make clear that even confirmed autopen use would not necessarily change the legal validity of a pardon, and the broader partisan context shapes how the story is being framed [3] [9].

Limitations: this analysis uses only the supplied reporting; available sources do not mention internal White House logs, physical paper chain-of-custody, or forensic tests of original paper documents that would be needed to prove how a signature was physically produced [1] [6].

Want to dive deeper?
Which individuals received Trump pardons bearing autopen signatures?
How does the autopen process work for signing presidential pardons?
Have courts challenged pardons signed by autopen during the Trump administration?
What legal precedent exists regarding autopen use by presidents for official documents?
Did any Justice Department memos authorize autopen signatures for pardons in 2020-2021?