How much Foreign Military Financing (FMF) does Israel receive from the US per year?

1. What the headline number is — and where it comes from

Under the current 2019–2028 U.S.–Israel security MOU the baseline annual FMF grant to Israel is $3.3 billion, with an additional roughly $500 million a year earmarked for cooperative missile‑defense programs such as Iron Dome—commonly summarized as $3.3 billion FMF plus $500 million missile‑defense funding ^{[1] [2] [4]}.

2. Why other figures circulate — base vs. supplemental vs. emergency

Reporting often mixes the MOU baseline with one‑time or emergency appropriations. Congressional packages and supplemental appropriations since October 2023 have added billions in emergency FMF and missile‑defense appropriations (for example, notifications and actions that amounted to $3.5 billion in FMF obligations and other supplemental funding) — producing higher short‑term totals that differ from the annual MOU figure ^{[3] [4] [5]}.

3. How FMF is actually delivered and spent

FMF is a grant that Israel uses to purchase U.S. defense articles and services through the Foreign Military Sales (FMS) system or direct commercial contracts; Israel typically receives its FMF in large disbursements and holds the funds in a U.S. bank account, which it can draw against for purchases ^[6]. Israel also has had a special Offshore Procurement (OSP) carve‑out allowing a share to be spent on Israeli‑origin goods — a privilege being phased out under the current MOU ^{[7] [8]}.

4. Recent active sales and procurement obligations that complicate totals

As of April 2025 the U.S. reported 751 active FMS cases with Israel valued at about $39.2 billion, reflecting multi‑year contracts and deliveries (for example F‑35 purchases, tanker and other platform procurements) that are funded in part through FMF flows or FMF‑backed agreements ^{[7] [9]}.

5. Competing ways analysts report the “annual” number

Some analysts and civil‑society groups report a near‑$3.8 billion figure for Israel’s annual U.S. military assistance by adding missile‑defense and other components to the FMF baseline; others stick to the $3.3 billion MOU FMF figure and treat supplemental appropriations separately. Both methods are used in public discourse, and both are documented in government and think‑tank reporting ^{[4] [10] [11]}.

6. Political pressure points and sources of disagreement

Debate centers on whether emergency supplements should be treated as part of a steady annual commitment and on the OSP carve‑out. Israel seeks more flexibility and longer‑term guarantees (including reported pushes for a 20‑year deal), while U.S. policymakers balance Israel’s needs with other FMF recipients and domestic political constraints; reporting highlights these tensions ^{[12] [8]}.

7. What the public record does not resolve clearly

Available sources do not mention a single, universally accepted “annual” number that includes every supplemental and emergency appropriation over multiple years; instead the record distinguishes the $3.3 billion FMF MOU baseline, roughly $500 million annual missile‑defense cooperative funding, and episodic supplemental FMF or drawdowns that increase U.S. transfers in certain years ^{[1] [2] [3]}.

8. Bottom line for readers

If you want the standard, recurring figure cited by U.S. official agreements: Israel receives $3.3 billion a year in FMF under the 2019–2028 MOU, plus about $500 million for cooperative missile defense; if you include emergency supplements and special obligations passed by Congress since 2023, the short‑term totals for particular years are substantially higher and must be cited separately with the specific appropriation noted ^{[1] [2] [3]}.