What proportion of migrants encountered at the U.S. border were expelled under Title 42, expelled under other policies, or processed for asylum during the Biden years?
Executive summary
Available government reporting shows CBP encounter data distinguish Title 8 (apprehensions/inadmissibles) from Title 42 expulsions and publishes breakdowns by component and region, but the sources provided here do not supply a single, consolidated percentage split of migrants “expelled under Title 42, expelled under other policies, or processed for asylum” across the Biden years (2021–2024/25) [1] [2] [3]. CBP’s nationwide and southwest encounter pages define and record Title 42 expulsions alongside Title 8 apprehensions/inadmissibles but the dataset needed to compute multi‑year proportions is not included in the supplied excerpts [1] [2] [3].
1. What the official data categories actually are — and why that matters
CBP’s public encounter tables separate encounters into Title 8 apprehensions (Border Patrol), Title 8 inadmissibles (Office of Field Operations), and Title 42 expulsions; those three categories are explicitly named and used for nationwide and southwest border reporting [1] [2] [3]. That classification matters because “Title 42 expulsions” were a distinct public‑health authority that generally precluded asylum processing, while Title 8 encounters can include people who are processed into the U.S. immigration system and could seek asylum — but the published labels alone do not translate directly into final outcomes (release, removal, removal with or without asylum adjudication) without drilling into multiple CBP and DHS tables [1] [2].
2. Why I cannot produce the requested proportions from the supplied sources
The excerpts you provided document the existence of the encounter categories and where to find CBP statistics, but they do not include the numerical counts or calculated percentages for the Biden years (2021–2024/25) needed to produce proportions for Title 42 expulsions, “other” expulsions/policies, or asylum processing [1] [2] [3]. In short: the structure is described but the multi‑year counts or percent breakdowns are not present in the current reporting you supplied [1] [2].
3. What public reporting (in your results) does say about Title 42’s scope under Biden
Migration Policy’s analysis cited in your results states that roughly 3 million expulsions occurred under the pandemic‑era Title 42 order between March 2020 and May 2023, and that “the vast majority” of those expulsions took place during the Biden administration — which implies Title 42 accounted for a very large share of removals/expulsions in that span [4]. However, that source is an interpretation of government tallies rather than a single CBP table of proportions, and the exact share by year and by encounter type is not provided in the supplied snippet [4].
4. How CBP releases data and where missing details normally live
CBP posts encounter tables by mode and region (southwest land border, nationwide) and indicates that starting March FY2020 certain OFO and USBP tables include Title 42 alongside Title 8 counts — meaning authoritative counts and timestamps exist on CBP pages, but you must extract and sum appropriate rows across fiscal years to compute proportions [1] [2] [3]. The supplied snippets note the categories but do not include the fiscal‑year totals or the asylum‑processing tallies needed to compute proportions [2] [3].
5. Alternative sources and caveats signaled by the provided material
The ICE ERO site referenced states that comprehensive Title 42 expulsion data are available through CBP and that ICE publishes only its charter‑flight expulsions — underscoring that multiple DHS components hold pieces of the picture and that aggregation choices affect totals [5]. Migration Policy emphasizes that expulsions under Title 42 did not permit asylum claims, in contrast to returns or removals, which introduces a legal distinction relevant to your question but does not provide year‑by‑year percentages in the excerpts [4].
6. How to get the exact proportions you asked for (practical next steps)
To calculate proportions for the Biden years you will need: (a) CBP nationwide and southwest encounter tables with annual counts of Title 42 expulsions and Title 8 apprehensions/inadmissibles for each fiscal year 2021–2024 (or through FY2025 if desired) [1] [2] [3]; (b) DHS/EOHS monthly tables or CBP breakdowns that identify how many Title 8 encounters led to asylum processing versus other outcomes [6]. Once those raw counts are assembled, simple arithmetic yields the shares by policy category. The supplied results point to the exact CBP pages to extract those numbers but do not include the numbers themselves [1] [2] [3] [6].
Limitations and transparency: I relied only on the search results you supplied and did not infer numeric totals beyond what those excerpts state; the specific multi‑year counts and percentage splits you requested are not present in the provided material [1] [2] [3] [4]. If you want, I can (a) extract and compute the proportions if you provide the CBP annual encounter tables or (b) fetch the full CBP tables you were pointing to and calculate the shares for each Biden year.