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Which voting machine manufacturers were used most commonly in the 2024 election?
Executive summary
The available reporting and compiled databases indicate Dominion Voting Systems and Election Systems & Software (ES&S) were the most visible manufacturers in the 2024 U.S. election, but they are prominent for different reasons and no single source gives a definitive nationwide market share. Recent coverage and vendor registries show Dominion equipment was used across 27 states, while county-level equipment tallies and the Voting Equipment Database point to broad ES&S deployment in many jurisdictions; other certified vendors such as Hart InterCivic, Unisyn, Clear Ballot and several smaller vendors were also in use [1] [2] [3] [4]. Reporting highlights the limits of headline claims and the need to consult state and county procurement records for a full, accurate accounting [3] [2].
1. A headline name dominates coverage — but what does “most used” mean?
News reports and summaries commonly single out Dominion Voting Systems because of its national profile, litigation history, and a reported footprint in 27 states during the 2024 cycle, which makes it widely used by state counts but not necessarily the single largest by ballots processed [1] [5]. The October 2025 articles emphasize Dominion’s prominence and its later sale to a company run by a former Republican election official, Liberty Vote, while stopping short of equating state presence with vote-volume dominance [1] [6]. The reporting clarifies that “used in X states” is a blunt metric: a vendor may serve many small counties or fewer large jurisdictions, and articles note that further research into county-level deployment and ballot volumes is required to translate state counts into market share or operational impact [3] [2].
2. County-level data points to ES&S as a heavyweight in many places
Detailed county-by-county equipment lists and interactive datasets suggest ES&S (Election Systems & Software) had extensive on-the-ground deployment in 2024, with ExpressVote and AutoMARK systems cited across numerous counties and often paired with ballot-marking practices [2]. The Voting Equipment Database also lists ES&S among the core vendors actively supplying scanners, ballot-marking devices, and tabulators nationwide, alongside Dominion and others [3]. County-level sources emphasize that mixed-equipment counties are common, so ES&S’s prevalence at the county level may translate into high ballot-processing volumes in many jurisdictions, but available public summaries stop short of providing a validated, single-number ranking of manufacturers by ballots counted [2] [3].
3. Other certified vendors were broadly present but less headline-grabbing
Federal EAC registration and vendor inventories demonstrate that several other firms remained active and certified as of January 2024, including Hart InterCivic, Unisyn, Avante, Clear Ballot, MicroVote, Smartmatic USA, and Voterite, indicating a multi-vendor marketplace [4]. The Voting Equipment Database and equipment studies reference specialized vendors and alternative systems — optical scanners, ballot-marking devices, remote ballot-marking, and even niche internet voting solutions — underscoring the diversity of technology in use across jurisdictions [3] [7]. Some vendors saw shrinking footprints: for example, reporting indicates the Hart eScan product was no longer used in U.S. elections as of 2024, a detail that tempers assumptions about continuous vendor presence [8].
4. Corporate changes and controversies altered attention but not the factual deployment picture
High-profile litigation, corporate sales and media scrutiny elevated public attention to certain companies without changing the basic fact that deployment decisions are decentralized and made by states and counties. Dominion’s legal battles and the 2025 sale to Liberty Vote are well documented and explain why Dominion receives outsized coverage, but those developments do not retroactively change which systems were used in 2024; the documented figure remains that Dominion equipment appeared in 27 states during that cycle [1] [6] [5]. Reporting notes that such corporate events can create perceived agendas in coverage — both defenders and critics of particular vendors have motivations to highlight footprint metrics — so readers should separate deployment facts from post-election corporate narratives [1] [6].
5. The bottom line: public data points exist but a single definitive ranking is absent
Available summaries, databases and county-level rollups collectively show that Dominion and ES&S were the most commonly cited manufacturers in 2024, with other certified vendors also active; however, no single source in the assembled material provides a verified, nationwide ranking by ballots processed or units deployed [1] [2] [3]. The datasets cited urge consulting state and county procurement records, election certification lists, and the Voting Equipment Database for precise counts; those records are the only path to convert state-presence or county-count citations into a defensible market-share estimate [3] [2]. For readers seeking a definitive tally, the evidence points to using multiple public vendor registries and county equipment lists rather than relying on single headlines.