Fact check: What other instances have presidents used federal troops to enforce civil rights laws?

1. Summary of the results

There have been multiple significant instances of presidents using federal troops to enforce civil rights laws throughout U.S. history. The most notable examples include:

• President Eisenhower's deployment of the 101st Airborne to enforce integration at Little Rock Central High School in 1957 ^[1]
• President Johnson's federalization of the Alabama National Guard during the 1965 Selma to Montgomery march to protect Black protesters ^[2]
• Multiple deployments during the Civil Rights era under various presidents in Mississippi and Alabama ^[3]

2. Missing context/alternative viewpoints

The original question's scope should be broadened to include several important contextual elements:

• Federal troops have been deployed not only for civil rights enforcement but also for maintaining order during civil unrest:

The 1932 Bonus Army incident ^[4]

The 1967 Detroit and Newark riots ^[4]

Nationwide deployment during the 1968 MLK assassination riots ^[4]

The 1992 Los Angeles riots ^[4]

• These deployments were historically rare and typically occurred when:

Protecting civil rights activists

Enforcing federal court orders against local resistance ^[3]

3. Potential misinformation/bias in the original statement

The original question might lead to some misconceptions:

• It suggests that federal troops were primarily used for civil rights law enforcement, when in reality, their deployment often served multiple purposes, including:

Maintaining public order during civil unrest ^[4]

Protecting specific individuals or groups ^[1]

Enforcing federal court decisions ^[3]

The question might overlook the complex relationship between civil rights enforcement and riot control, as many deployments served both purposes simultaneously, such as during the Watts Riots in 1965 and the aftermath of MLK's assassination in 1968 ^[1]