Which tariffs did Donald Trump officially implement while president and what were their effective dates?
Executive summary
President Trump’s second-term administration announced and implemented multiple tariff actions in 2025, most prominently a 25% “fentanyl” tariff on imports from Canada and Mexico and a 10% tariff on imports from China announced Feb. 1, 2025, plus a set of global “reciprocal tariffs” declared April 2, 2025 and modified November 13, 2025 (implementation and adjustments described in White House fact sheets) [1] [2]. Independent trackers and think tanks document many layered measures—sectoral Section 232 tariffs, country-specific increases, and tariff “stacking”—and note litigation and negotiated roll‑backs and pauses that changed effective dates and scope over 2025 [3] [4] [5].
1. What the administration officially announced — headline tariff moves
The White House published a Feb. 1, 2025 fact sheet saying President Trump “is implementing a 25% additional tariff on imports from Canada and Mexico and a 10% additional tariff on imports from China” citing the national‑emergency rationale under IEEPA; that announcement frames those rates as in effect “until the crisis is alleviated” [1]. The administration later described global “reciprocal tariffs” announced April 2, 2025 as another broad authority to impose tariffs to address trade imbalances; the White House then issued orders modifying the scope of those reciprocal tariffs that took effect on Nov. 13, 2025 [2].
2. Multiple authorities and stacking: how the tariffs were legally framed
Trump’s team invoked IEEPA and other trade statutes and layered tariffs—some actions built on prior Section 232 and Section 301 measures and could “stack” cumulatively—so a single imported good might face multiple duties depending on product and country [4] [3]. Public trackers and legal summaries emphasize that many 2025 tariff actions were cumulative and administratively complex, with exceptions and annexes attached to executive orders [4] [3].
3. Timing and later modifications: effective dates were fluid
Published materials show concrete announcement dates (Feb. 1 for Canada/Mexico/China measures and April 2 for the global reciprocity plan) and administrative modifications that changed scope or timing—most notably an Executive Order modifying reciprocal tariffs with changes taking effect Nov. 13, 2025 [1] [2]. Congressional and policy trackers warn that negotiated framework deals and temporary pauses (for example on Mexico or other partners) altered implementation dates and rates in mid‑2025 and beyond [4] [5].
4. Litigation and courts changed which measures stayed in force
Legal challenges reached federal courts. Coverage of trackers and legal blogs documents injunctions and rulings affecting the fentanyl‑targeted tariffs and the broader reciprocal tariffs in mid‑2025; the Court of International Trade and the Federal Circuit issued significant orders that affected implementation and led to stays and appeals [6] [7]. Available sources do not provide a single definitive list of which announced tariffs remained fully in force at each later date because courts, administrative changes and negotiated deals altered coverage [6] [4].
5. Independent trackers and think tanks: scale and economic context
Think tanks and outlets such as Brookings, PIIE, the Atlantic Council and commercial trackers compiled evolving lists showing tariffs widened across many partners and sectors (autos, steel/aluminum, semiconductors, lumber, copper, etc.), and modeled large fiscal impacts—some analyses estimated tariffs would raise hundreds of billions over years—while others stressed consumer price and supply‑chain impacts [8] [5] [3] [9]. These trackers stress the policy changed rapidly as deals and suspensions occurred [8] [5].
6. What reporters and the White House explicitly say about rollbacks and deals
Following negotiations, the White House fact sheet on a China deal stated the U.S. would “remove 10 percentage points of the cumulative rate” on certain China tariffs effective Nov. 10, 2025, and that implementation of some heightened reciprocal tariffs would be suspended until Nov. 10, 2026—showing negotiated reductions are part of the official record [10]. Another White House fact sheet recorded the Nov. 13, 2025 modifications to reciprocal tariffs’ scope [2].
7. How to interpret “which tariffs and when”: limitations and best sources
Official White House fact sheets give firm announcement dates and stated effective intentions for major moves (Feb. 1, 2025; April 2, 2025; Nov. 13, 2025) but do not by themselves list every effective HTS code, exception, retroactive entry date, or judicially stayed item [1] [2]. Congressional Research Service briefings and independent trackers (Congress.gov/CRS summaries, Brookings, PIIE, Atlantic Council, Reed Smith tracker) provide the necessary line‑by‑line implementation detail and note pauses, stacking, and litigation that changed effective dates [4] [8] [5] [3] [6].
If you want, I can compile a concise, date‑ordered table of the major announced measures (Feb. 1 and April 2) and the later modifications (Nov. 10 and Nov. 13) with citations to the specific White House fact sheets and CRS/think‑tank trackers so you can see which were subject to court stays or negotiated suspension [1] [2] [4] [10].