There are only two biological sexes male or female

Checked on September 22, 2025
Disclaimer: Factually can make mistakes. Please verify important information or breaking news. Learn more.

This fact-check may be outdated. Consider refreshing it to get the most current information.

Was this fact-check helpful?

1. Summary of the results

The claim that there are only two biological sexes, male or female, is contradicted by multiple sources [1] [2] [3] [4] [5]. These sources highlight the existence of intersex conditions, which are characterized by variations in chromosomes, gonads, and anatomy that do not fit typical male/female categories [3]. For instance, intersex individuals may have variations in reproductive organs, chromosomes, and hormones [4], and some sources estimate that approximately 1.7% of the population may have intersex traits [4]. Additionally, some analyses emphasize the importance of understanding the differences between sex and gender [2], and using precise language when discussing these terms [6]. However, not all sources directly address the claim, with some providing more general information on sex and gender [2] [6] [7].

2. Missing context/alternative viewpoints

A key aspect missing from the original statement is the acknowledgement of intersex conditions, which are documented by multiple sources [3] [4] [5]. These sources provide evidence that biological sex is not limited to just male or female, but rather exists on a spectrum [3]. Furthermore, some analyses highlight the importance of considering the social and cultural context in which sex and gender are understood [7], which is not addressed in the original statement. Alternative viewpoints, such as the distinction between sex and gender, are also not considered in the original statement [2]. The prevalence of intersex conditions and the existence of a third sex category are also not accounted for [4] [2].

3. Potential misinformation/bias in the original statement

The original statement may be misleading, as it fails to account for intersex conditions and the complexity of biological sex [1] [2] [3] [4] [5]. This oversimplification may be problematic, as it erases the experiences of intersex individuals and ignores the diversity of human biology [3]. The statement may also reflect a binary understanding of sex, which is not supported by scientific evidence [2] [4]. Those who benefit from this framing may include individuals who seek to reinforce traditional gender norms, but this perspective is not supported by the majority of the sources [1] [2] [3] [4] [5].

Want to dive deeper?
What is the scientific consensus on the definition of biological sex?
How do intersex individuals fit into the traditional male/female sex classification?
What are the differences between sex and gender in a biological context?
Can genetic or chromosomal abnormalities affect an individual's biological sex?
How have societal and cultural norms influenced the understanding of biological sex over time?