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Is it easy to convert regular flat video to video for a planetarium
Executive Summary
Converting a regular flat (16:9) video into a planetarium/fulldome format is technically feasible but not simple: it typically requires reformatting the canvas, applying fisheye or spherize transformations, and preparing playback files to match the dome’s projection system and codecs [1] [2]. Some planetarium systems and software provide streamlined workflows or real‑time mapping tools that can make the process easier for users familiar with the platform, but overall the task involves specialized tools, calibration, and format decisions — it is not a one‑click operation [3] [4] [5].
1. Why your flat video won’t just “fit” the dome — the geometry problem that breaks expectations
A flat rectangular video maps to a dome screen using a fundamentally different projection geometry, so simple scaling or cropping will distort the image when projected on a hemisphere. Converting requires converting the image to a square canvas and then reprojecting pixels into a circular, fisheye‑like output so the content looks correct under dome curvature; guides recommend master canvases such as 3200×3200 or 4000×4000 and specific spherize/fisheye parameters to remap the image properly [1]. Forum and practitioner threads emphasize that knowing the dome’s projection parameters—resolution, pixel diameter, and projector blend—matters for acceptable visual results, and that lacking these specifics means conversions often look wrong on real dome hardware [2] [4]. Geometry and projection math are the core technical hurdles.
2. Tools and workflows: from simple to professional — expect multiple software steps
Available workflows range from relatively straightforward quick conversions to full compositing pipelines; software options include After Effects, Blender, Fulldome/Dome FX plugins, Premiere Pro, and planetarium suites that accept external media [1] [2]. Practical guides lay out steps: create a square master, mask to the dome circle, apply fisheye/spherize filters, check radius/edge falloff, then export to the playback system’s accepted codec or image sequence. Some planetarium systems accept a flat file and perform live mapping or use a Text Add/plane mapping approach, which can make things feel easier for operators familiar with that platform [3]. Even “easy” paths still require trial renders and format tests to verify results on the dome.
3. Playback, codecs, and delivery — don’t underestimate format compatibility
Dome venues use specialized playback systems that demand particular codecs, wrappers, and often image sequences; common targets include JPEG2000, HAPQ, PNG sequences, or H.264 depending on the planetarium’s hardware [1] [2]. The choice affects color fidelity, playback smoothness, and whether audio is embedded or supplied separately, and some venues require pre‑encoded masters with exact pixel dimensions and naming schemes. Forum conversations warn that exporting a standard MP4 may play on a laptop but fail or degrade badly on dome servers; calibration and blending across multiple projectors introduce additional constraints that must be validated before showtime [4] [2]. Delivery and compatibility are frequent stumbling blocks.
4. When conversion feels “easy”: platform-specific shortcuts and their tradeoffs
Certain planetarium systems and plugins provide one‑button or real‑time mapping features that let operators load flat media and adjust dome parameters interactively, making conversion appear easy for experienced users [3] [6]. These shortcuts work best for simple content or demonstrations and when the system’s automatic mapping matches the intended visual framing. The tradeoff is control: automated mappings may not preserve artistic framing, may introduce edge artifacts, and generally produce lower quality than a purpose‑made fulldome render from a spherical camera or 3D render [5]. Shortcuts can speed deployment but often sacrifice fidelity and require operator expertise to get acceptable results.
5. Bottom line for creators: plan early, test often, and know the venue requirements
If you intend to show flat video in a planetarium, treat conversion as a production step, not an afterthought: obtain the dome’s playback specs early, render a high‑resolution square master, use proven fisheye/spherize workflows or dedicated plugins, and run test screenings on the actual projection system when possible [1] [2] [4]. Community discussions and how‑to guides consistently recommend allocating time for format iteration and liaising with the venue’s technical staff rather than assuming a simple conversion will suffice [3]. With planning and the right tools you can achieve good fulldome playback, but it requires technical steps and collaboration—this is the practical truth across expert and practitioner sources.