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City in the German state of Bavaria
Scholarly and memorial institutions place Jewish deaths in the Holocaust at roughly five to people, with major authorities commonly citing six million as the working figure . More detailed demographic...
The weight of historical evidence and the consensus among scholars and major institutions support the widely stated figure that approximately six million Jewish people were murdered in the Holocaust, ...
Yes: —the systematic, state-sponsored murder of approximately six million Jews by and its collaborators between 1941 and 1945—undeniably happened, a conclusion supported by an immense, multi-type body...
advance a small set of recurring claims — that the Nazi “Final Solution” was a deportation policy rather than a program of extermination, that gas chambers did not function as killing facilities, and ...
Nazi propaganda was a centralized, multi‑platform campaign that used newspapers, posters, film, radio, rallies, textbooks and cultural control to glorify Hitler, build a “people’s community,” and iden...
The most reliable and widely supported estimate for Jewish deaths in the Holocaust is approximately , with scholarly and institutional ranges generally between about 5.1 million and 6 million; this fi...
Holocaust deniers systematically reject or reinterpret core categories of evidence—eyewitness testimony, Nazi and Allied documentary records, physical and forensic remains of camps, demographic resear...
Historical examples of military personnel carrying out or refusing orders later judged illegal most often center on war crimes and clear abuses—most prominently the My Lai massacre in Vietnam and the ...
Historical precedent shows that soldiers have sometimes been prosecuted for following orders deemed illegal and, in other times, have been exonerated or spared full liability when courts found the leg...
The Nuremberg Trials established that "just following orders" — the superior‑orders defense — cannot serve as an absolute shield against prosecution for war crimes: the London Charter and the IMT judg...
Primary claims assert that Nazi authorities built and used gas chambers between 1941–1945; key documentary anchors include SS construction affidavits, Nazi blueprints explicitly labeling “Gaskammer,” ...
The postwar trials in 1945–46 relied on a combination of eyewitness testimony (survivors, perpetrators), documentary evidence, film and photographs, and physical site inspection reports to establish t...
A broad, multidisciplinary body of evidence — physical remains at camps, Nazi documents, wartime intelligence and photographs, survivor and perpetrator testimony, postwar trials and archaeological wor...
Historians debunk Holocaust denial by assembling a dense, convergent body of documentary, testimonial, physical, and demographic evidence that denies any coherent alternative narrative; the record inc...
The claim "" is false: the Holocaust is one of the most thoroughly documented genocides in history, supported by documents, investigations, survivor testimony, forensic evidence, and demographic resea...
The “Hostage Edict” refers broadly to the system of orders and regulations issued by Nazi military leadership in 1941–42 that institutionalized the taking and summary execution of civilian hostages an...
Physical evidence for the Holocaust is extensive and multi‑modal: a vast documentary record assembled at Nuremberg, thousands of survivor and perpetrator testimonies, contemporary photographs and film...
Holocaust deniers challenge the "six million" figure through a set of repeatable tactics: disputing documentary and forensic evidence, advancing alternative causes of death (disease, Allied bombing), ...
Estimates of Holocaust victims vary because historians use different sources and methods — Nazi records, postwar demographic studies, survivor lists and forensic evidence — and because gaps and undocu...
, and the surviving wartime record offer a mix of assertion, rumor and silence about ’s relationship with his half-niece : Hess insisted the episode shattered Hitler and floated alternative murder the...