Index/Locations/Qumran

Qumran

Archaeological site in the Palestinian Authority, West Bank

Fact-Checks

8 results
Dec 11, 2025
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How do the Ethiopian books of Enoch and Jubilees differ from versions in other traditions?

The Ethiopian Orthodox Tewahedo Church preserves full Geʽez texts of 1 Enoch and Jubilees and treats them as canonical—unlike most Western traditions where they are classed as pseudepigrapha or apocry...

Jan 18, 2026
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What manuscript evidence preserves 1 Enoch and Jubilees in Geʽez, and how do those texts differ from Hebrew/Aramaic fragments at Qumran?

The full corpora of 1 Enoch and Jubilees survive in medieval Ethiopic (Geʽez) manuscripts, whereas the Dead Sea Scrolls preserved earlier fragments in Aramaic (1 Enoch) and Hebrew (Jubilees), permitti...

Dec 12, 2025
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What unique content does the Ethiopian Book of Enoch (1 Enoch) include compared to Greek and Slavonic recensions?

The Ethiopian recension of 1 Enoch preserves the only complete surviving text of the work, retained in Geʽez and incorporated into the Ethiopian Orthodox canon, while Greek and Slavonic recensions sur...

Oct 31, 2025

Have any claimed red heifers been accepted or rejected by rabbinic authorities and when (year)?

Two clear patterns emerge from the materials provided: , and multiple high-profile candidates were later judged unsuitable after inspection. The Temple Institute’s reported candidate discoveries in 19...

Jan 20, 2026

What is the scholarly consensus on the date and compositional layers of 1 Enoch’s Parables (chs. 37–71) and their influence on Second Temple Judaism?

Scholars broadly agree that the Parables (1 Enoch 37–71) are a later, composite layer within the 1 Enoch corpus, likely crystallizing in the late first century BCE to early first century CE, and that ...

Jan 1, 2026

What manuscript evidence (Dead Sea Scrolls, Ge'ez, Greek fragments) exists for 1 Enoch and Jubilees and what does it reveal about their circulation?

The manuscript record for 1 Enoch and Jubilees is both robust and regionally diverse: substantial Aramaic fragments of 1 Enoch and multiple copies of Jubilees were recovered among the Dead Sea Scrolls...

Jan 1, 2026

How did 1 Enoch and Jubilees influence early Christian theology and why were they excluded from most Western canons?

1 Enoch (often called the Book of Enoch) and the Book of Jubilees were formative strands in the religious imagination of Second Temple Judaism and left clear fingerprints on early Christian theology—e...

Dec 21, 2025

What do Jewish sources from the Second Temple period say about Jesus, if anything?

Most surviving Jewish writings composed during the Second Temple era do not speak directly about Jesus by name; instead the period’s literature and later Jewish responses provide the context in which ...