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There are many free online validators and developer libraries that check card number format and issuer data (using Luhn checks and IIN/BIN databases) — examples include CreditCardValidator.org (which ...
BINs/IINs are the leading digits of payment card numbers governed by /IEC 7812 and managed through a mix of official registries and commercial aggregators; there is no single static public list becaus...
Public BIN/IIN lookup tools overwhelmingly list 488893 as a Visa BIN issued to a U.S. card issuer — most tools identify Bank of America as the issuer, while at least one names FIA Card Services, N.A.;...
Many standalone BIN/IIN lookup APIs and payment gateways offer BIN data but not all explicitly report 3‑D Secure (3DS) enrollment status — true enrollment checks are performed by 3DS/Directory or MPI ...