Index/Organizations/Cheka

Cheka

National security agency of Soviet Russia (1917–1922)

Fact-Checks

7 results
Dec 6, 2025
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How many did bolsheviks kill

Estimates of how many people the Bolsheviks killed vary widely depending on period, method and definition: some accounts count millions in the Russian Civil War and famines, others count executions an...

Dec 9, 2025
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How many civilians and soldiers were killed by the Bolsheviks during the Russian Civil War (1917–1923)?

Estimates of total deaths tied to the Russian Civil War vary widely: many sources place overall deaths between roughly 5–12 million, with the majority civilians (for example, "as many as 10 million" a...

Dec 6, 2025
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Was red terror done by bolsheviks

The Red Terror was a campaign of political repression and executions carried out by the Bolshevik government—chiefly through its secret police, the Cheka—officially proclaimed in September 1918 and im...

Feb 6, 2026

How many people did Lenin kill

There is no single, agreed number of people “killed by ”; historians separate actions he directly ordered (legal executions, operations) from deaths indirectly linked to policies and , and the sources...

Feb 1, 2026

How do historians distinguish deaths caused by political repression from those caused by famine and civil war when estimating victims of the Bolshevik revolution?

Historians separate deaths from political repression, famine, and civil-war violence by triangulating documentary evidence, demographic excess-mortality calculations, and contextual analysis of intent...

Jan 29, 2026

How do historians estimate religious persecution deaths versus civilian casualties in early Soviet years?

Estimating how many people were killed specifically for their religion in the early Soviet years is an exercise in contested sources and methodologies, where archival tallies, contemporary lists, demo...

Jan 7, 2026

What sources and methodologies estimate Christian fatalities under Bolshevik and early Soviet regimes?

Scholars and commentators estimating Christian fatalities under the Bolsheviks and early Soviet regimes draw on a mix of contemporary press accounts, church lists, survivor testimony, later archival w...