Index/Organizations/Congressional Budget Actions in 2003

Congressional Budget Actions in 2003

Congressional Research Service report

Fact-Checks

6 results
Nov 7, 2025
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Can a government funding bill bypass the 60-vote threshold through reconciliation or executive actions?

A government funding bill can circumvent the Senate’s 60‑vote filibuster threshold by using the budget reconciliation process, which permits passage with a simple majority but is constrained by strict...

Jan 28, 2026
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Has reconciliation been used to pass omnibus or emergency spending bills to avoid shutdowns?

Yes — has repeatedly used the budget process to pass omnibus "reconciliation" bills that bundle mandatory spending, revenue, and debt-limit changes into a single, expedited measure (often described as...

Jan 30, 2026
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How does budget reconciliation avoid the filibuster?

is a congressionally created fast‑track process that lets budget‑related bills be considered without the standard 60‑vote cloture threshold by sharply limiting debate and amendment opportunities, so a...

Nov 10, 2025

How does the federal budget appropriations process work in Congress?

Congress’s appropriations process is a multi-step system that starts with the President’s budget request and proceeds through a congressional budget resolution, 302(a)/302(b) allocations, and the work...

Jan 17, 2026

What procedural tools can senators use to bypass or enforce the 60-vote threshold?

The Senate’s 60-vote “threshold” is not a single constitutional mandate but a collection of rules and practices — primarily cloture under Rule XXII and the filibuster — that make 60 votes the de facto...

Nov 16, 2025

Who was Senator Robert Byrd and why is the rule named after him?

Senator Robert C. Byrd (D‑WV) was a long‑serving Senate leader and parliamentary expert who in 1985 sponsored what became known as the “Byrd Rule” to curb inclusion of non‑budgetary or “extraneous” it...