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American energy company
Crowds on Demand sells staged audiences, paid protesters, faux paparazzi and related services and has been repeatedly accused of facilitating “astroturfing” and deceiving the public, a charge levelled...
Crowds on Demand has been the subject of recurring ethical controversy and at least one high-profile legal accusation, largely centered on its business of hiring actors to simulate public support or o...
Documented instances exist of for‑hire crowd companies supplying actors to political events, with the most thoroughly reported example being –based , which has been linked to paid speakers and demonst...
Cities and local governments have sometimes investigated and even penalized when it surfaced in municipal proceedings, but the response across jurisdictions is uneven and largely reactive rather than ...
Regulators and courts have acted in some high‑profile cases — most notably a multimillion‑dollar penalty tied to paid actors at city council hearings and civil suits against firms that supply paid pro...
The practice of has been documented across a range of civic and political events—investigations and first‑hand reporting have verified hires at municipal hearings, political rallies and parades—but ri...
operates a paid crowd-and-stunt business that has repeatedly been cited in reporting and academic discussion as facilitating manufactured public support—a practice commonly labeled “” . Multiple docum...
Public records and reporting cited in the available sources identify a single ballot campaign that has publicly reported payments to : the 2014 "Six s" initiative committee, according to compiled repo...
Documented instances of paid crowds being used to shape public hearings and media narratives range from private-publicity firms supplying actors to corporate clients to subtle state tactics that shape...