Index/Organizations/Federal Judicial Center

Federal Judicial Center

Education and research agency of the U.S. federal courts

Fact-Checks

15 results
Jan 11, 2026
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What evidence exists in public court records about the Jane Doe/Katie Johnson claims involving Donald Trump and Jeffrey Epstein?

Public federal court records show a 2016 complaint filed under the name Katie Johnson against Donald J. Trump and Jeffrey E. Epstein in the U.S. District Court for the Central District of California (...

Jan 16, 2026
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Which court docket would contain a Katie Johnson affidavit and how to search it?

The affidavit attributed to "Katie Johnson" would most likely appear on the federal district court docket for the Central District of California case styled Katie Johnson v. Donald J. Trump, case numb...

Nov 17, 2025
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How does the US system of government prevent a president from becoming a monarch?

The U.S. system prevents a president from becoming a monarch through structural limits: a constitutional two-term cap on election to the presidency (Twenty‑Second Amendment) and a separation of powers...

Nov 15, 2025

Under what legal rules can the DOJ seal or unseal investigative files in a federal criminal probe?

Federal law and court rules create multiple, overlapping limits on the Department of Justice’s ability to seal or unseal materials in a federal criminal probe: grand‑jury secrecy under Rule 6(e) is es...

Jan 25, 2026

Judge Caldwell

The name "" refers to multiple jurists across history; the most prominent living figure in federal service is , a U.S. district judge for the appointed in 2001 . Historical and state‑level judges with...

Jan 4, 2026

Does Obama currently hold a dual citizenship

Barack Obama is documented by official records and longstanding reporting as a U.S. citizen born in Honolulu, Hawaii, and multiple courts and fact‑checks have treated challenges to that status as base...

Jan 16, 2026

How have federal courts ruled when state officials postponed or extended federal elections during crises?

Federal courts have repeatedly shown reluctance to order postponements or broad extensions of federal elections and generally defer to state officials, state courts, and Congress unless a clear consti...

Jan 11, 2026

Where can PACER filings for Katie Johnson v. Donald J. Trump be accessed and what are PACER fees?

Katie Johnson v. Donald J. Trump (C.D. Cal. No. 5:16-cv-00797) can be found on PACER—the federal courts’ official docket system—and on multiple public mirrors and aggregators that republish PACER-sour...

Jan 3, 2026

What recent federal court decisions (post-2020) or DOJ policies have changed how investigative files are sealed or unsealed?

Federal law and practice around sealing and unsealing court and investigative files have been nudged by a mix of appellate opinions, judiciary-level administrative actions, high‑profile disclosure bat...

Dec 15, 2025

Have there been any rulings or motions decided in Katie Johnson’s case against Trump since mid-2025?

Court records and contemporary reporting show no published rulings or motions in the Katie Johnson (aka Jane Doe) lawsuit against Donald Trump after mid‑2025; the federal civil case was dismissed in 2...

Dec 7, 2025

What legal tests do courts use to determine if a presidential action is unconstitutional?

Courts apply an array of tests when deciding whether a presidential action violates the Constitution, most prominently: whether the president had statutory or constitutional authority to act (separati...

Nov 23, 2025

What recent high-profile cases set precedents for sealing records and why?

Recent reporting and legal materials show several high-profile developments shaping when and why U.S. courts seal records: state-level reforms that expand automatic sealing (for example, California’s ...

Nov 22, 2025

What Supreme Court rulings impacted the rights of communists to run for office (e.g., 1957–1969 cases)?

Between the early 1950s and 1969 the Supreme Court both enabled and then sharply curtailed government power to bar or punish communists: Dennis v. United States upheld Smith Act convictions in 1951, b...

Nov 21, 2025

How have U.S. courts and military tribunals defined lawful versus unlawful orders historically?

U.S. courts and military tribunals have long drawn a line between orders that are “authorized and lawful” and those that are “patently illegal,” holding individuals responsible for obeying or refusing...

Nov 20, 2025

Which court has jurisdiction over case number 5:16-cv-00797-DMG-KS?

Court records for case number 5:16-cv-00797-DMG-KS show it was filed in the United States District Court for the Central District of California (C.D. Cal.), specifically the Eastern Division, in a com...