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1791 amendment enumerating due process rights
is governed by constitutional principles that extend due process protections to “persons” on U.S. soil, but statutory exceptions and administrative procedures mean some people are removed without a fu...
Police and federal agents may lawfully demand identification when the encounter rises to a lawful Terry stop—that is, when officers have reasonable, articulable suspicion of criminal activity—because ...
Immigrants in the United States — including undocumented people — are routinely told they “have the right to remain silent,” and multiple immigrant‑rights organizations and legal aid groups instruct p...
Federal grand juries decide indictments on the probable-cause standard and by Rule 6 require 16–23 members with at least 12 concurring votes to return an indictment . States vary: the Fifth Amendment’...
A criminal complaint is a prosecutor-filed sworn document or affidavit that a magistrate judge can use to authorize arrest and begin federal proceedings; it means a grand jury has not yet reviewed pro...
Immigrants have constitutional protections against unreasonable searches and seizures—the Fourth Amendment applies to many ICE interactions—but courts and agencies treat ICE “administrative” practices...
The Supreme Court in Hiibel upheld a Nevada “stop-and-identify” law, ruling that a suspect can be compelled to disclose his name during a Terry investigatory stop when the disclosure is not reasonably...
Investigators say on-scene videos are indispensable tools that can clarify timing, positioning and motion in federal use-of-force cases, but they are not definitive on their own and must be correlated...
U.S. constitutional protections — including the right to remain silent under the Fifth Amendment — apply to “all persons in the United States,” and many legal-aid, immigrant-rights and law-firm guides...