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Space probe
Soviet assets did observe Apollo 11 activity in July 1969: Luna 15 was in lunar orbit at the same time and Moscow’s monitoring organizations had the capability and interest to listen to or track US sp...
Multiple independent lines of third‑party evidence show that Soviet organizations and non‑ observatories tracked and observed in real time — from radio reception and telescope monitoring to radar sigh...
Soviet and international tracking data corroborated Apollo in real time through a mix of independent radio monitoring, radar tracking, and widely distributed telemetry reception networks that observed...
The Soviet Union verified the U.S. Apollo 11 moon landing through a combination of dedicated space-tracking infrastructure and the contemporaneous activity of its unmanned lunar program: Soviet intell...
Luna 15 was a Soviet unmanned sample‑return probe launched on 13 July 1969 that entered lunar orbit while Apollo 11 was en route, attempted a descent on 21 July and crashed into the lunar surface; its...
Soviet technical centers and foreign observatories actively monitored Apollo 11’s radio, telemetry and trajectories, and had both capability and motive to detect any fraud; Soviet tracking (including ...