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Venezuela’s economic collapse, sanctions on oil, and weakening state institutions have turned large swathes of the country into permissive terrain for illicit economies, making it a major transit hub ...
The sources provided do not produce a substantiated list of U.S. senators who accepted campaign contributions “linked to Venezuela” or to Venezuelan individuals; a widely shared allegation about a lea...
Venezuela functions largely as a transit and secondary route for cocaine headed to the United States and other markets; U.S. estimates in 2020 put 200–250 metric tons of cocaine transiting Venezuela a...
U.S. policymakers and companies have framed securing cobalt and other critical minerals as a national-security priority and are pursuing domestic and allied supply diversification; available sources s...
Available reporting and analyses show Venezuela is primarily described as a transit corridor—not the main origin—of U.S.-bound cocaine, with identified departure points concentrated on Venezuela’s nor...
Venezuelan ports are repeatedly identified in the provided analyses as significant transit points in the international cocaine trade, implicated by U.S. government designations and investigative comme...
A viral claim that Venezuela’s former intelligence chief Hugo Carvajal “released” a list naming U.S. senators who took millions from the Maduro regime has no publicly authenticated evidence and has be...
There is no verified public evidence in the provided reporting that any sitting U.S. senator has received campaign contributions or direct payments from Venezuelan government‑controlled entities or st...
U.S. claims that Venezuela and parts of the Caribbean served as trans‑shipment hubs for Colombian cocaine in 2024–2025 rest on a mix of U.S. government reporting, sanctions and targeting actions, seiz...
Hugo Armando Carvajal shifted from an adamant courtroom denial to an explicit guilty plea in June 2025, and in the months that followed his public posture and written filings evolved from legal contai...
Venezuelan ex-intelligence chief Hugo Carvajal has been cited in social media posts claiming a “list” of U.S. politicians paid kickbacks by the Maduro regime, but the best available fact-checking and ...
Since 2019 Moscow’s “aid” to Caracas has been a mix of military financing and equipment, targeted commercial ties and covert financial workarounds rather than large open-budget bailouts: loans and deb...
OFAC’s targeted general licenses beginning in late 2022 and expanded in 2023 reopened a legal pathway for Chevron to operate its pre‑existing joint ventures (JVs) in Venezuela, contributing to higher ...
Venezuela is implicated in the global cocaine trade primarily as a transit and sometimes processing country rather than as the principal source of U.S.-bound drugs, and there is no credible evidence i...
U.S. and international reporting point to Venezuelan naval installations, regional ports and nearby territorial and international waters in the Caribbean and Eastern Pacific as the loci most frequentl...
Multiple reputable outlets report that the Trump administration ordered and publicly took credit for lethal strikes on small vessels in and near Venezuelan waters beginning in September 2025; reportin...
Multiple international reports and U.S. government actions allege that sectors of Venezuela’s military and security apparatus have been linked to facilitating drug transit—often described in U.S. comm...
U.S. officials have publicly asserted that the struck boats were tied to narcotraffickers and “narco‑terrorist” networks with links to Venezuela’s government, naming groups such as Tren de Aragua and ...
Available reporting indicates Venezuelan military and allied coastal officials are accused by U.S. and some international sources of facilitating maritime drug-smuggling networks—sometimes described i...