Index/Organizations/National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine

National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine

Scientific national academy for the United States

Fact-Checks

29 results
Jan 12, 2026
Most Viewed

Do GMOs pose health risks

Major scientific reviews and regulatory agencies find no convincing evidence that foods made from currently commercialized genetically modified (GM) crops are inherently more risky to human health tha...

Dec 16, 2025
Most Viewed

What are recommended medical treatments and chelators for cadmium chloride poisoning?

There is no universally accepted specific antidote for cadmium (including cadmium chloride) poisoning; treatment is largely supportive and focused on preventing further exposure, with chelation showin...

Dec 4, 2025
Most Viewed

How do ancestry, ethnicity, and race differ and how does that affect global demographic estimates?

Ancestry refers to genetic lineage and geographic origins and is increasingly used in genomics; race and ethnicity are social categories with distinct functions—race as a sociopolitical grouping linke...

Nov 16, 2025

Are there long-term epidemiological studies on human health outcomes from GMO consumption?

Available sources agree there is no body of long-term, large-scale epidemiological studies that directly track human health outcomes from lifetime consumption of GM foods; major reviews and profession...

Oct 17, 2025

What are the most common long-term side effects reported after mRNA COVID-19 vaccination?

Large observational studies and regulatory reviews consistently find that the most commonly reported long-term issues after mRNA COVID-19 vaccination are , with serious long-term events being rare and...

Nov 30, 2025

GMO food cause health problems

Major scientific bodies and long reviews find no validated evidence that foods made from genetically modified (GM) crops are inherently less healthy than non‑GM foods . Concerns focus less on the gene...

Nov 17, 2025

GMO foods are a health risk

Scientific and public-health bodies conclude that foods derived from currently marketed genetically modified (GM) crops are not more likely to present risks to human health than their conventional cou...

Oct 24, 2025

Can COVID-19 vaccines cause genetic mutations that lead to cancer?

No credible evidence shows COVID-19 vaccines cause genetic mutations that lead to cancer; large reviews and expert panels found no mechanistic or epidemiological basis for such a claim. Recent isolate...

Oct 15, 2025

Can COVID vaccines cause long-term health problems?

COVID-19 vaccines have been associated with a small number of —notably myocarditis, pericarditis, and thrombosis with thrombocytopenia—while large reviews and surveillance programs find but call for o...

Nov 16, 2025

How far does dangerous fallout travel after a ground burst vs airburst?

Airbursts generally produce much less local, early fallout than ground or surface bursts because the fireball does not entrain large amounts of soil and debris; that reduces heavy, early-falling radio...

Nov 7, 2025

Are genetically modified foods safe?

The scientific literature and major public health institutions largely conclude that foods derived from genetically modified crops are , based on multiple authoritative reviews and regulatory framewor...

Dec 10, 2025

How do welfare recipiency rates vary by race and household composition (single-parent vs two-parent)?

SNAP (food stamps) serves tens of millions and skews heavily toward households with children: about 41.7 million people in 22.4 million households received SNAP in May 2025, and roughly 39–40% of SNAP...

Oct 18, 2025

Are vaccines dangerous?

Vaccines are overwhelmingly beneficial for population health, preventing millions of illnesses, hospitalizations, and deaths, while carrying rare but real risks that are generally well-characterized a...

Jan 16, 2026

Genetically modified food safety

Scientific consensus across major reviews and expert panels is that currently approved genetically modified (GM) foods on the market do not pose unique, widespread health risks compared with conventio...

Jan 6, 2026

What are the absolute rates of myocarditis and stroke after COVID‑19 infection versus vaccination specifically in adults aged 65–79 and 80+?

Available large studies and meta-analyses consistently show that COVID‑19 infection carries a higher absolute risk of myocarditis than COVID‑19 vaccination and that vaccination does not increase, and ...

Dec 31, 2025

Is climate change causes primarily by human beings?

Human activities—especially the burning of fossil fuels that emit greenhouse gases—are the primary cause of the observed global warming of the past century, a conclusion affirmed repeatedly by major s...

Dec 3, 2025

How many climate scientists reject human-caused global warming as of 2025?

Available reporting shows overwhelming agreement among climate scientists that recent warming is driven mainly by human greenhouse-gas emissions; major syntheses state it is “unequivocal” and U.S. and...

Nov 30, 2025

How do terrain, buildings, and weather modify blast effects and required safety distance from a 1 Mt explosion?

Terrain, buildings and weather markedly change how a 1‑megaton airburst’s blast travels: ridges and concave relief can shield or focus pressure, buildings reflect and channel shock to amplify local lo...

Nov 29, 2025

What do peer-reviewed studies say about the fiscal impact of undocumented immigrants in the U.S. economy?

Peer‑reviewed and expert reports generally find that undocumented immigrants have a small net positive fiscal effect at the federal level over long horizons, while impacts vary widely by state and on ...

Nov 26, 2025

How did regulatory bodies and professional organizations influence nursing’s shift toward degree-based credentials?

Regulatory bodies and professional organizations have driven nursing’s move toward degree-based credentials through regulatory standards, quality indicators, and advocacy for higher educational prepar...