Pia

Female given name

Fact-Checks

5 results

Jan 23, 2026

Which countries have forced VPN providers to retain logs and how have major VPNs responded (server removals, legal challenges)?

Several national laws and regulatory moves have forced into difficult choices: comply with retention and registration regimes (notably and ) or withdraw and redesign services; major VPN firms have res...

Jan 27, 2026

How do VPN transparency reports differ across major providers and what do they reveal about legal requests?

Major VPN providers vary widely in what they publish, how often, and how granularly: some (, , , , , and others) publish regular that enumerate legal requests and explain outcomes, while others publis...

Jan 15, 2026

What legal mechanisms have governments used to compel VPN providers to assist with investigations since 2020?

Since 2020 governments have relied on a mix of criminal takedowns, court-issued process (warrants, subpoenas and domestic orders), cross‑border legal cooperation and server seizures to force—or bypass...

Jan 17, 2026

What technical evidence or tests can verify a VPN provider’s no-logs claims?

Independent audits, server-side technical controls (RAM-only, anti-retention designs), open-source client/server code, transparency reports and real-world legal cases are the primary pieces of technic...

Jan 11, 2026

Which VPN companies have been legally compelled to hand over user data in court cases?

Courts and law enforcement have in several high‑profile instances compelled VPN providers to produce user-identifying records or otherwise cooperate with investigations, but outcomes differ: some comp...