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Unified armed forces of Nazi Germany from 1935 to 1945
Direct evidence in the scholarly and reporting record contradicts the claim that “most child brothels in Germany were owned by Jews during Hitler’s rise”: Nazi camp brothels excluded Jewish women and ...
Adolf Hitler’s 1940 invasion of France was driven by a mix of strategic necessity, military opportunity, and political calculation rather than a contradiction of his long‑term goal of conquering Easte...
Published reporting and commentary identify some German relatives of Donald Trump’s extended family who served in the Wehrmacht and at least one individual described as a Nazi Party member in secondar...
The “Hostage Edict” refers broadly to the system of orders and regulations issued by Nazi military leadership in 1941–42 that institutionalized the taking and summary execution of civilian hostages an...
The Nazi regime issued several explicit military orders and adopted slogans and ratios that sanctioned collective reprisals against civilians and partisan host populations, most notably the Barbarossa...
were not widely or legitimately considered "" in any neutral or legal sense: they were the armed combat branch of that fought alongside but were deeply implicated in mass atrocities and declared a cri...
Primary Nazi-era documentary sources that set out or record orders for collective reprisals after partisan attacks include high-level Nazi security reports such as Heinrich Himmler’s "Report to the Fü...
The claim that " had little difficulty fighting off " is false: suffered staggering losses and endured catastrophic defeats before ultimately halting and then crushing , a process that cost the Soviet...
Historians agree that sexual exploitation of minors existed in Germany before 1933—children were among those vulnerable to prostitution in large cities and railway stations—but solid, wide-ranging doc...
Comparing modern military strategy to compresses a complex historical debate about competence, doctrine, and political control into a powerful moral analogy that can mislead policy analysis and public...
The s weaponized the long‑standing myth of “Judeo‑Bolshevism” to fuse antisemitism with anti‑communism, presenting Jews as the hidden architects of Bolshevik revolution and a transnational threat that...
—literally “lightning war”—was ’s most effective and influential war plan at the operational level, delivering rapid victories in and through concentrated mechanized thrusts supported by air power and...
Documented mottos and rallying formulations that explicitly justified collective punishment in twentieth‑century Europe were fewer as fixed catchphrases than they were legal doctrines and rhetorical f...
Contemporary archival orders that precipitated mass reprisals after Reinhard Heydrich’s assassination are referenced in leading institutions’ accounts: Hitler’s directive on 9 June 1942 to carry out r...
Operation Barbarossa was the code name for the Axis invasion of the Soviet Union launched by Nazi Germany on 22 June 1941, a surprise offensive that terminated the German–Soviet nonaggression pact and...
Resource shortfalls in 1940–41 were a significant, though not solitary, factor shaping German strategic planning for Operation Barbarossa: shortages of oil, food, transport and industrial capacity pus...
Germany’s covert rearmament after World War I benefited materially and technically from secret cooperation with the Soviet Union—training facilities, weapons testing, and industrial ventures began as ...
The rise of Nazi-run brothels — including concentration-camp and military brothels — grew from a mix of wartime expedience, pre‑existing regulatory continuities from Weimar, and ideological policing t...
Adolf Hitler ordered the German invasion of Poland that began on 1 September 1939, an act that prompted Britain and France to declare war and is conventionally marked as the start of World War II in E...
The core claim is that Robert M. Citino authored a study of the German army’s deteriorating fortunes in 1943, often summarized under the title *Fighting a Lost War: The German Army in 1943*; this alig...