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High German-derived language used by Ashkenazi Jews
Modern scholarship agrees there is documentary evidence that Khazar rulers and some elites were described as Jewish in medieval Hebrew, Arabic and Christian texts, but the reliability, date and scale ...
The question "are Israeli people indigenous to Israel?" lacks a simple yes/no answer: modern Israelis include groups with varied historical ties to the land, and genetic, historical, and political evi...
The historical origins of Ashkenazi, Sephardi, and Mizrahi Jewish communities reflect distinct but overlapping trajectories shaped by ancient Near Eastern roots, medieval migrations, and later diaspor...
Yiddish formed as a Jewish vernacular in central Europe around the 9th–11th centuries from a base of Middle High German fused with Hebrew/Aramaic and later Slavic and Romance input; scholars date its ...
Recent excavations and publications since 2010 have not produced a definitive archaeological “smoking gun” for a mass Jewish population across Khazaria, but they have sharpened debate by adding more a...
Ashkenazi identification among Israeli Jews has fallen from a pre-state dominance (around 80% in 1948) to estimates around roughly 30–45% today, depending on method and year — for example, a 2019-styl...
Scholars agree the Khazar polity (c. 7th–13th centuries) included an elite—and some communities—that adopted Judaism and that Khazaria acted as a major trade-state between Byzantium and the Islamic wo...
Since 1948, mass immigration from North Africa, the Middle East, Iran, and Iraq reshaped the demographic and political footprint of Mizrahi Jews in Israel and the diaspora, producing a and creating en...