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American government official (1935–2022)
Government shutdowns were rare before 1980 but have occurred regularly since the Civiletti opinions; counting methodologies differ, but authoritative timelines show roughly 10–15 shutdowns or funding ...
The provided analyses disagree on the count of U.S. government shutdowns since 1980, reporting figures that range from ; the differences stem from varying definitions (funding gaps vs. shutdowns), sta...
The (ADA) has been the legal linchpin that forces agencies to halt non- operations during funding lapses, and its practical enforcement over the past half-century has been carried out almost entirely ...
Since 1980, the modern pattern of government shutdowns has been driven by a mix of actors—Presidents, coalitions and House majorities—but have been the principal drivers in a clear subset of the high-...
The materials assert that Presidents have reopened or partially operated the government through two main tools: . The clearest documented recent example is President Donald Trump, who both signed a ye...
The historical record shows the modern practice of pausing agency operations over funding lapses — what many call the “traditional” government shutdown — traces to a 1980 legal opinion under the Carte...