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American psychologist
Questions asking “who is the dumbest American president ever?” collapse a complex, contested debate into an insult; historians and analysts instead use rankings, expert polls and disputed IQ estimates...
Media-reported IQ figures for celebrities and politicians are frequently unverified, estimated, or derived from dubious methods; multiple entertainment lists and IQ sites acknowledge most celebrity sc...
Publicly verified IQ scores for U.S. presidents and presidential candidates are rare to nonexistent: most presidents never took modern IQ tests and researchers instead produce retrospective estimates ...
The most widely cited scholarly estimate places John Quincy Adams as the U.S. president with the highest reported IQ, with Simonton-era figures typically in the mid-160s to mid-170s (commonly reported...
Experts estimate the IQs of public figures by combining indirect statistical approaches, archival analysis, and increasingly, computational techniques, but all such estimates carry and methodological ...