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Minister in charge of defence affairs of a state
The Uniform Code of Military Justice (UCMJ) addresses lawful and unlawful orders primarily through Articles 90 and 92: Article 92 criminalizes failure to obey orders or regulations, and Article 90 cri...
The District of Columbia National Guard is legally distinct from state guards: it normally reports to the President rather than a mayor or governor, which has allowed recent presidential-directed depl...
The National Guard can be mobilized under two distinct authorities: . Recent reporting and legislative proposals in 2025 spotlight clashes over who has authority and how quickly federalization can pro...
Pete Hegseth’s tattoos are a mix of Christian, military and patriotic symbols — including a large Jerusalem (Crusader) cross on his chest, the Latin phrase “Deus vult,” Greek letters chi‑rho, a milita...
Federal law and DoD policy give military services clear authority to recall many categories of retirees to active duty, with Title 10 provisions (notably 10 U.S.C. § 688 and related chapters) and serv...
The President can National Guard personnel under 10 U.S.C. § 12406 in specified circumstances, but the statute embeds a role for governors that courts and legal analysts interpret variably — sometimes...
The United States can recall retired military personnel under multiple statutory authorities in Title 10 and related laws, supplemented by Department of Defense and service regulations that define sco...
Non‑citizens can serve in the IDF under limited, specific tracks: most notably the Mahal/“Volunteers from Abroad” program for predominantly Jewish applicants, which offers roughly 18 months of service...
When National Guard units are placed on federal active duty, command ultimately shifts to the President as Commander-in-Chief, with authority operationally delegated through the Secretary of Defense a...
The Speaker of the House does not have legal authority to deploy the District of Columbia National Guard; , while specific requests to support the U.S. Capitol require approval by the Capitol Police B...
Pete Hegseth, now serving as Defense Secretary, is under intense bipartisan scrutiny over two recent controversies: use of encrypted Signal chats that an inspector-general assessment said “created a r...
National Guard members in Washington, D.C., were ordered to carry service weapons beginning in late August 2025 for units assigned to safety and security duties, with authorization stressing that forc...
The primary distinction between Title 10 and Title 32 National Guard deployments is : Title 10 federalizes the Guard under the President and Secretary of Defense, while Title 32 keeps Guard forces und...
President Trump ordered US strikes on three Iranian nuclear sites (Fordow, Natanz, Isfahan) on June 22, 2025; the administration and allied voices called the operation “obliteration” and said bunker‑b...
Retirees can be ordered back to active duty under federal law and service regulations, but eligibility depends on category (regular-component retiree vs. reserve/Fleet Reserve/IRR), statutory authorit...
Witnesses and official inquiries described former President Donald Trump’s January 6, 2021 remarks as both a rallying cry and a catalyst for the Capitol assault, with many attendees reporting that his...
The Speaker of the House has no unilateral command authority over the National Guard, but is part of a constitutional and statutory web that can receive notifications, request briefings, and influence...
Federal law and service rules allow recall of retired and Reserve personnel, but procedures and common practices vary by branch and by whether a retiree is from the Regular (active) component, Reserve...
Courts and military practice have long held that many retirees who remain “entitled to pay” can be subject to the Uniform Code of Military Justice (UCMJ) and, in rare cases, recalled or otherwise pros...
Military law treats obedience as presumptive and legality as contested: Article 92 of the UCMJ makes failure to obey a lawful order punishable, yet multiple legal guides and scholarship recognize defe...