Index/People/Mark Bray

Mark Bray

American academic and political organizer

Fact-Checks

35 results
Oct 21, 2025
Most Viewed

What are the names of the top 5 private donors to antifa and their contribution amounts in 2024?

The available documents do not support the claim that a verifiable list of the “top 5 private donors to Antifa and their 2024 contribution amounts” exists; reporting and advocacy pieces identify major...

Jan 11, 2026
Most Viewed

ANTIFA origins

Antifa traces its lineage to interwar European anti-fascist movements—especially Italian and German resistance in the 1920s–1930s—and to later revivals in postwar Europe and the U.S., with modern Amer...

Oct 24, 2025
Most Viewed

Can a democratically elected leader be considered a fascist?

A democratically elected leader can be described as *fascist* if their ideology and actions match scholarly definitions of fascism—authoritarian, ultranationalist, anti-pluralist, and willing to use v...

Oct 5, 2025

Is antifa violent?

Available materials show competing claims: government documents and statements characterize Antifa-aligned actors as engaging in , while scholars and some reporting emphasize defensive motives, decent...

Oct 10, 2025

What are the names of private donors who have publicly supported antifa?

The reporting materials supply three central claims: that scholar Mark Bray has financially supported antifascist causes; that a group called Antifa International runs an International Anti‑Fascist De...

Oct 19, 2025

How do antifa groups typically receive and allocate funding?

Antifa-related funding is described across the materials as a mix of small, targeted disbursements (notably a bail fund tied to an international antifascist network) and contested claims about larger ...

Oct 18, 2025

What are the names of major private donors to antifa and their contribution amounts?

The claim that specific “major private donors” fund antifa is not substantiated by the provided materials; reporting instead identifies a mix of organized mutual-aid funds and individual supporters wh...

Oct 19, 2025

Which non-profit organizations have been linked to antifa funding?

The materials provided identify three recurring claims: that Antifa International operates an international bail fund supporting arrested antifascists, that the Tides Foundation has financially suppor...

Oct 10, 2025

How do antifa groups receive funding from non-profit organizations?

Antifa-affiliated groups receive money through a mix of crowd‑funding campaigns, dedicated bail and legal defense funds, and donations from individuals who publicly endorse the causes, with an interna...

Oct 9, 2025

How do antifa groups generate revenue and funding?

Antifa is described in the provided materials both as a decentralized political tendency financed primarily through grassroots contributions and mutual-aid instruments, and as an entity receiving orga...

Dec 1, 2025

What controversies have involved TPUSA in recent years?

Turning Point USA (TPUSA) has been the subject of multiple controversies in recent years, including violent protest clashes at a Berkeley event that triggered a Department of Justice inquiry (reports ...

Nov 10, 2025

What are the core characteristics of fascism according to historians?

Historians and political theorists converge on a core cluster of traits that reliably identify 20th‑century fascist movements: to remake the polity. Scholars emphasize that fascism is best seen as a f...

Nov 22, 2025

What are the core principles of anti-fascist ideology?

Anti‑fascist ideology broadly centers on opposing fascism, racism, xenophobia and authoritarianism and often draws on left‑wing traditions — anarchism, socialism and anti‑capitalism — while operating ...

Nov 17, 2025

What tactics are commonly associated with Antifa versus nonviolent anti-fascist organizations?

Academic and policy sources describe “antifa” as a decentralized anti‑fascist current whose activity is mostly nonviolent but includes a minority willing to use confrontational or even criminal tactic...

Nov 11, 2025

Which specific policies or actions of Turning Point USA have led to accusations of promoting fascist ideologies?

Turning Point USA (TPUSA) has been accused of promoting fascist ideologies primarily due to specific actions: public campaigns targeting academics, creation of “watchlists” for professors and school b...

Oct 9, 2025

Do antifa groups receive funding from foreign entities or governments?

The reporting supplied presents competing claims that some antifa-linked actors have received money from international networks or wealthy foreign-aligned donors, while also emphasizing the movement’s...

Jan 11, 2026

What is the historical origin of ANTIFA and its ideological roots

Antifa is not a single organization but a decentralized political current whose name, tactics, and self-image draw on a century of anti‑fascist struggle in Europe while its contemporary formations in ...

Oct 18, 2025

Is antifa an organized entity

Antifa is not a single, centrally organized group but an ideological, decentralized constellation of autonomous activists and local collectives; mainstream experts and recent reporting conclude there ...

Oct 12, 2025

What are the known sources of funding for antifa groups in the United States?

The core, recurring claims are that U.S. antifa activists receive material support from an international bail-and-relief network centered on the International Anti-Fascist Defense Fund, that author Ma...

Oct 9, 2025

Are there any government agencies or institutions that provide financial support to antifa groups?

Government financial support to U.S. antifa groups is not supported by the balance of the evidence in the provided material: contemporary reporting and investigations describe private crowdfunding, ba...