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Access to counsel in removal proceedings

Noncitizens have the right to counsel, but the government does not provide or pay for lawyers in most cases, and many respondents proceed without counsel, reducing their chance of relief.

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Jan 27, 2026

What impact does legal representation have on immigration court outcomes for detained noncitizens?

materially improves ’ chances in immigration court: multiple large-scale analyses find represented detainees are far more likely to avoid removal, secure relief or obtain release, while detained respo...