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Cato Institute's 5% Estimate

The Cato Institute's estimate that only about 5% of people booked into ICE custody had violent convictions, based on analysis of ICE data.

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Jan 24, 2026
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What datasets and methodology did the Deportation Data Project and Cato Institute use to estimate the share of deportees with violent convictions?

estimates that only about of people booked into had violent convictions rested on analysis of two streams of ICE data: a nonpublic “leaked” ICE bookings dataset shared with Cato and publicly released ...