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Index/Topics/Constitutional protections for non-citizens in U.S.

Constitutional protections for non-citizens in U.S.

Non-citizens in the U.S. have varying levels of constitutional protections in different proceedings, with ongoing litigation and policy changes shaping their rights.

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Feb 4, 2026

What are my rights if ICE requests proof of citizenship and I only have a passport card or state ID?

Holding a or a state-issued ID gives practical evidence of identity and — in many contexts — can serve to prove U.S. citizenship, but there is no federal law that requires U.S. citizens to carry at al...

Jan 9, 2026

What civil‑liberties lawsuits resulted from the post‑9/11 detentions and what remedies, if any, were achieved?

A constellation of civil‑liberties lawsuits followed the post‑9/11 detentions: ACLU and Center for Constitutional Rights suits to force disclosure and challenge mass immigrant roundups, habeas and due...