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The illegal distribution of child sexual abuse material and the importance of not forwarding or saving such content.
(’s chatbot integrated with ) has been used to generate non‑consensual, sexualized images of adults and minors, and the company’s public responses have been limited to content removal, account suspens...
Encountering suspected child sexual abuse material () online is legally and emotionally fraught; the immediate priorities are to stop further distribution, avoid committing any unlawful acts (includin...
and other anonymizing tools can conceal a user’s visible IP address from the sites they visit, but they do not offer absolute immunity in investigations of ; investigators routinely combine traffic an...
VPNs, Tor, and end‑to‑end encryption (E2EE) reshape CSAM investigations by removing easy access to content and shifting law enforcement toward metadata, cooperation with providers, traditional investi...
Metadata held by CDNs and cloud providers can strongly indicate that a particular resource was requested from a given IP address or session, and modern telemetry (including session IDs) can tie server...
Metadata and device-activity patterns can create probable cause sufficient to obtain warrants to seize or initially search devices in CSAM investigations, but they rarely prove the element of knowing ...