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Index/Topics/Debt Measurement

Debt Measurement

Different measures of debt, including gross debt, debt held by the public, and implicit obligations.

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Jan 28, 2026
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How is the national debt financed and who ultimately bears its cost?

the national debt by issuing Treasury securities—bills, notes and bonds—sold at auction to a mix of private investors, foreign governments, and intragovernmental trust funds; servicing that debt requi...