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DHS use of HC smoke grenades in Minnesota 2020-21

The use of hexachloroethane (HC) smoke grenades by the Department of Homeland Security (DHS) in Minnesota during the 2020-21 protest period.

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Jan 16, 2026
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Hexachloroethane (HC) smoke grenades used by DHS in Minnesota

Hexachloroethane (HC) smoke — a military-style obscurant that can generate zinc chloride and other toxic byproducts — was documented in use against protesters in 2020 in multiple U.S. cities, with com...