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Dialysis Encephalopathy Outbreaks

Clusters of encephalopathy occurred in centers using aluminum-contaminated water for dialysate or where aluminum-based phosphate binders were widely prescribed

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Jan 16, 2026
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What evidence links aluminum in dialysis fluids or phosphate binders to dialysis encephalopathy and how was it addressed?

A body of clinical, pathological and epidemiological evidence accumulated in the 1970s–1980s implicated aluminum exposure—from contaminated dialysate and from oral aluminum-containing phosphate binder...