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Index/Topics/EU Framework Decision on Racism and Xenophobia

EU Framework Decision on Racism and Xenophobia

The European Union's Framework Decision aiming for consistency in defining and prosecuting racist offenses across member states.

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Feb 4, 2026

Which EU member states explicitly criminalise Holocaust denial and what penalties do they impose?

A patchwork of EU member states explicitly criminalise , but the scope and sanctions differ widely: some countries (notably and ) impose prison terms including multi‑year maximums, others rely on fine...

Jan 30, 2026

Which European countries have prosecuted individuals for using racial slurs in public and what were the outcomes?

in public occur in Europe, but they are uneven, sparsely reported, and shaped by national definitions and ; a clear, pan‑European inventory of convictions for mere public slurs does not exist in the a...