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The risk of HIV transmission in relation to infant male circumcision.
carries a lower—but not zero—risk for many sexually transmitted infections (); the safest single strategy to avoid STIs is abstinence, but practical risk-reduction steps include consistent use of barr...
Anal sex carries distinct and documented harms compared with other sexual activities, most notably increased risk of sexually transmitted infections (including a substantially higher risk of HIV trans...
Anal douching — the practice of flushing the rectum with liquid before anal sex or play — is common among people who take a receptive role in anal intercourse but is not medically required for safety ...
in the sits at the intersection of contested medical evidence, competing ethical frameworks about consent and bodily integrity, and a fragmented legal and policy environment that leaves the choice pri...
Commercial that appear least likely to damage rectal mucosa are saline-based and polyethylene glycol–electrolyte solutions; by contrast hyperosmolar and acidic preparations (including some sodium‑phos...
Receptive anal exposure carries higher per-act transmission risk for many sexually transmitted infections, including HIV, because the rectal mucosa is biologically more fragile and prone to microtears...
The medical evidence on non-therapeutic child circumcision is contested: some systematic reviews and major pediatric bodies report measurable lifetime reductions in specific infections and cancers, wh...
Clinicians and sexual-health educators converge on a cautious, minimalist approach to anal douching: use small-volume, gently delivered, warm isotonic or plain water; lubricate the tip; keep the rinse...