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ICE's Anti-Smuggling Role

The evolution of ICE's anti-smuggling role since its creation in 2003, including its dual mission and the impact of political priorities on its operations.

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Jan 14, 2026

How has ICE's role in anti-smuggling evolved since 2003?

Since its creation in 2003, ICE inherited and fused investigative customs work with interior immigration enforcement, turning anti-smuggling into a core but contested part of a dual mission: Homeland ...