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A law that regulates the executive branch's ability to impound funds
There is no authoritative, court-verified tally that answers “how many times violated the Constitution”; available reporting and institutional reviews document dozens of challenged acts, hundreds of l...
Separation-of-powers doctrine places the Constitution’s “” with and therefore constrains the Executive’s ability to refuse, rescind, or repurpose appropriated funds unless Congress has provided clear ...
The Government Accountability Office (GAO) serves as the statutorily mandated reviewer of presidential “special messages” under the Impoundment Control Act (ICA): it receives copies of special message...
Congress can use funding riders and NDAA language to reshape presidential use of force by tying money to narrow, enforceable conditions, stricter reporting, and statutory sunsets—while recognizing lim...
Since 2018 a string of lower-court decisions and doctrinal shifts in higher courts have constrained the executive branch’s ability to unilaterally withhold or add new conditions to congressionally app...
City and state plaintiffs have won or obtained injunctions against federal attempts to withhold funds by framing their claims around separation of powers and Spending Clause limits, alleging executive...
Reporting shows numerous legal challenges, court rulings, and authoritative analyses accusing President Donald Trump of violating specific statutes and constitutional limits—most concretely the Impoun...