Index/Topics/Intent to Defraud

Intent to Defraud

The interpretation of 'intent to defraud' in the context of falsifying business records, including its broad application and the lack of necessity for a specific target of the fraud.

Fact-Checks

5 results
Jan 12, 2026
Most Viewed

What are the specific 34 falsifying business records counts Trump was convicted of in the New York case?

A Manhattan jury convicted Donald J. Trump on 34 separate counts of Falsifying Business Records in the First Degree — each count corresponding to a false entry in Trump Organization records that prose...

Jan 14, 2026
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How do the 34 criminal charges against Trump compare to typical state felony statutes and penalties in New York?

The Manhattan indictment charged Donald Trump with 34 counts of falsifying business records in the first degree — a statutory route that upgrades what is ordinarily a misdemeanor into a felony when th...

Jan 11, 2026

Were the laws changed so that Trump could be convicted of a felony in New York?

New York law already treated falsifying business records as a misdemeanor but elevated it to a felony when done to conceal another crime; prosecutors charged Donald Trump under that felony provision a...

Jan 9, 2026

What did the New York trial evidence show in the falsified business records case and what appeals remain?

The trial record assembled by Manhattan prosecutors presented voluminous documentary and testimonial proof — invoices, checks, bank statements, audio recordings, phone logs, text messages and testimon...

Jan 5, 2026

How have courts historically treated falsified business records convictions on appeal in New York State?

New York appellate courts have repeatedly upheld falsifying business records convictions while interpreting the statute broadly on intent and permitting convictions even when jurors are not unanimous ...