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The laws and principles that regulate the conduct of war and the protection of civilians, including the requirement to provide advance warning.
President Trump’s pardons and rank restorations for service members accused or convicted of war crimes provoked sharp division: senior Pentagon leaders and many legal and veterans’ organizations warne...
Claims that drone strikes ordered under President Barack Obama amounted to war crimes rest on documented practices—signature strikes, “double-tap” follow-ups, and significant civilian casualties—combi...
The available reporting shows a contested and uneven evidentiary record: Israeli authorities released videos and claimed tunnels and weapon caches beneath several Gaza hospitals, and later reporting a...
, and experts have documented indiscriminate killings, hostage‑taking and other grave violations by ‑led and other armed groups during the attacks, and have described mutilation and despoiling of bodi...
There is no single, legally “decent” civilian-death ratio for war; historical studies and databases suggest broad norms—around half of war deaths have been civilians over centuries—while urban and mod...
The Hannibal Directive is a controversial Israel Defense Forces (IDF) procedure designed to prevent the capture of Israeli soldiers by authorizing maximal measures to stop abductions, even if those me...
Closure of airspace in armed conflict sits at the intersection of two bodies of law: sovereign aviation law, which gives States primary authority to regulate and close the airspace above their territo...
does use multiple forms of advance warning — leaflet drops, text/phone messages, so‑called “roof knocking” and mass evacuation orders — as part of its targeting procedures, and the Israeli military an...
invoked self‑defence after ’s October 7 attacks and many domestic and international supporters view its military campaign as a justified response to terrorism and hostage-taking . Opponents — includin...
Courts-martial and military tribunals have settled on a dual obligation: service members must obey lawful orders but must refuse orders that are so clearly illegal that “a man of ordinary sense and un...
After Obama, Congressional action and executive policy shifts—notably reporting mandates in 2017 and subsequent decentralization of strike approvals under Trump—were the principal legal developments a...