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The disruption of gut microbial communities caused by enemas, including the long-term consequences of repeated microbiome perturbation.
carry documented, sometimes severe risks—electrolyte disturbances, infections, rectal/colonic injury including perforation and even death—that appear repeatedly in case reports, cohort reviews, and cl...
carries measurable hazards—mechanical injury, chemical and electrolyte disturbances, mucosal damage, , and long-term bowel dysfunction—while some specific, medically supervised enemas remain useful fo...