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Vaccines that use messenger RNA to instruct cells to produce a specific protein, prompting an immune response.
The short answer: there is no reliable evidence that spike protein produced by authorized mRNA COVID-19 vaccines routinely integrates into human DNA and persists permanently; a handful of in vitro exp...
Michael (Mike) Yeadon has repeatedly published and promoted statements opposing COVID-19 vaccines and has co-filed at least one regulatory petition; those statements exist on his own platforms and in ...
Thrombosis with thrombocytopenia syndrome (TTS) after adenoviral‑vector COVID‑19 vaccines is a very rare event whose reported incidence varies by vaccine, age group, sex, surveillance system and study...
are engineered ensembles of four lipid types—an ionizable cationic lipid (e.g., SM-102), a neutral phospholipid (e.g., DSPC), cholesterol, and a PEGylated lipid—that together protect mRNA, mediate cel...
Different vaccine platforms and dosing regimens do influence whether and for how long fragments of spike protein or spike subunits are detectable in blood, but the picture is inconsistent because dete...