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Index/Topics/Noncitizen Voting Prosecutions

Noncitizen Voting Prosecutions

Prosecutions and proven instances of intentional noncitizen voting are exceedingly rare, with main successful legal defenses centered on absence of intent, clerical mistakes, and challenging the government’s proof of status

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Feb 5, 2026

What legal defenses and outcomes have arisen in prosecutions of alleged noncitizen voters?

Prosecutions alleging have produced a narrow set of legal defenses—most prominently mistake, lack of willful intent, and challenges to the government’s proof of citizenship—and outcomes that overwhelm...