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Private Insurance in Universal Healthcare Systems

The role of private insurance companies in universal healthcare systems, specifically in Germany and France, including their impact on funding, risk pooling, and access to care.

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Jan 17, 2026
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What role do private insurance companies play in funding universal healthcare in countries like Germany and France?

Private insurance companies in Germany and France operate inside broadly universal, contribution‑based systems: they play a dual role as both alternative (substitutive) insurers for a minority of the ...