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Congress amended the law during Reconstruction to empower presidents to suppress insurgent violence.
The Insurrection Act has been invoked intermittently since the early republic, with sources counting roughly 30 separate invocations over U.S. history and attributing those uses to somewhere between 1...
The Insurrection Act, a federal statute first enacted in 1807, has been invoked roughly 30 times across U.S. history to authorize deployment of federal troops or federalization of state militias to su...
Section 3 of the Fourteenth Amendment—known as the Disqualification or Insurrection Clause—was born of Reconstruction to bar persons who had sworn to support the Constitution and then engaged in insur...
The Insurrection Act, enacted in 1807, has been invoked roughly 30 times by about 15 presidents to authorize deployment of federal military forces on U.S. soil in extreme crises; its use ranges from e...
The has been used sporadically across —beginning in the early republic and reappearing in reconstruction, labor disputes, civil‑rights enforcement and urban unrest—with presidents from through invokin...
is the principal statutory exception to the prohibition on using the military for domestic law enforcement, and it authorizes the president to deploy active-duty forces or federalize under tightly def...
of the Fourteenth Amendment bars anyone who, after swearing an official oath, “engaged in insurrection or rebellion” or gave “aid or comfort” to enemies from holding federal or state office, but the m...
Post–Civil War legal thinkers designed the Fourteenth Amendment to curb state power that had protected slavery and racial hierarchy, and some modern legal scholars warn that its expansive reading—espe...